python中html.replace()_对从包含Unicode的HTML文件中读取的字符串使用.replace（）方法...

我想将.html文件作为原始文本读取&＃xff0c;并将包含unicode字符的子字符串的实例替换为另一个子字符串。假设文件mm03.html只包含一行文本&＃xff1a;«test»

我想读取mm03.html&＃xff0c;将其原始文本解析为字符串&＃xff0c;然后调用replace&＃xff0c;这样输出结果如下所示&＃xff1a;

^{pr2}$

我第一次尝试这样做时&＃xff0c;我写了以下代码。。。在# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read()

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace("«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

…期望它首先打印上面列出的原始行&＃xff0c;然后再打印第二行。相反&＃xff0c;它列出了第一行两次。在

好吧。所以可能是Unicode解码问题&＃xff0c;对吧&＃xff1f;也许吧&＃xff0c;但当我根据这个网站上找到的与Unicode相关的建议修改代码时&＃xff0c;各种阴影的问题仍然存在。此外&＃xff0c;通过将htmlBase显式定义为。。。在htmlBase &＃61; """«test»"""

…这让我相信在python中读取html文件有些东西我不知道。我尝试过在&＃39;w&＃39;模式下打开mmo3.html&＃xff0c;但这似乎不起作用&＃xff0c;而且会破坏原始文件。从只读文件中读取的字符串本身应该是只读的没有多大意义&＃xff0c;但我可能错了。在

下面是我仔细研究过的几个脚本/输出对。在在要替换的字符串之前添加未加引号的字符&＃39;u&＃39;# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read()

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace(u"«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

输出&＃xff1a;½test╗

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test2.py", line 6, in

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace(u"┬½test┬╗","TEST")

UnicodeDecodeError: &＃39;ascii&＃39; codec can&＃39;t decode byte 0xab in position 31: ordinal not in range(128)

将.decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)应用于从.read()传递的字符串# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace(u"«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

输出&＃xff1a;Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test2.py", line 4, in

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

File "C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_8.py", line 16, in decode

return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)

UnicodeDecodeError: &＃39;utf8&＃39; codec can&＃39;t decode byte 0xab in position 31: invalid start byte

将.encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)应用于从.read()传递的字符串# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace(u"«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

输出&＃xff1a;Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test2.py", line 4, in

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

UnicodeDecodeError: &＃39;ascii&＃39; codec can&＃39;t decode byte 0xab in position 31: ordinal not in range(128)

将.decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)应用于从.read()传递的字符串&＃xff0c;目标子字符串上没有“u”后缀# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace("«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

输出&＃xff1a;Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test2.py", line 4, in

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().decode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

File "C:\Python27\lib\encodings\utf_8.py", line 16, in decode

return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)

UnicodeDecodeError: &＃39;utf8&＃39; codec can&＃39;t decode byte 0xab in position 31: invalid start byte

将.encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)应用于从.read()传递的字符串&＃xff0c;目标子字符串上没有“u”后缀# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import codecs

htmlBase &＃61; codecs.open("mm03.html",&＃39;r&＃39;)

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

print htmlFill

htmlFill &＃61; htmlFill.replace("«test»","TEST")

print htmlFill

htmlBase.close()

输出&＃xff1a;Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test2.py", line 4, in

htmlFill &＃61; htmlBase.read().encode(&＃39;utf-8&＃39;)

UnicodeDecodeError: &＃39;ascii&＃39; codec can&＃39;t decode byte 0xab in position 31: ordinal not in range(128)