oracle的安装及数据库连接的方法详解

本文实例讲述了python安装oracle扩展及数据库连接方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

下载：

cx_Oracle下载地址：cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/
instantclient-basic下载地址：www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/instant-client/index-097480.html

window环境：

python27 oracle10

需要软件：

cx_Oracle-5.1.2-10g.win32-py2.7.msi
instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.4.zip

1. 直接双击msi文件，即安装cx_Oracle；

2. 解压instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.4.zip，将得到的.dll文件全部拷贝到F:\Python27\Lib\site-packages目录下

linux环境：

python26 orracle10

需要软件：

cx_Oracle-5.1.2-10g-py26-1.x86_64.rpm
basic-10.2.0.4.0-linux-x86_64.zip

1. rpm -ivh cx_Oracle-5.1.2-10g-py26-1.x86_64.rpm
2. （此处参考www.jb51.net/article/106295.htm）

设置环境变量

vi /root/.bash_profile

增加如下两行：

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/instantclient_10_2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME

运行source /root/.bash_profile使改动生效

建立此链接库的符号链接

cd $ORACLE_HOME
ln -s libclntsh.so.x.x libclntsh.so

重新安装cx_Oracle

注意加--nodeps参数，否则还会报上述错误

[root@BJ-UPDATE-01 ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps cx_Oracle-5.0.1-10g-py24-1.x86_64.rpm
#5.0.3版本不用加--nodeps参数

测试：

#Python
>>> import cx_Oracle
>>> db = cx_Oracle.connect(&＃39;user/psw@114.242.113.91:1521/orcl&＃39;)
>>> print db

>>> cr=db.cursor()
>>> cr.execute("select * from LOGININFO")
>
>>> rs=cr.fetchall()
>>> print rs
[(&＃39;40288a8542746fd90142746fdbb50001&＃39;, &＃39;cccccc&＃39;, 1, 1, None, None, None), (&＃39;40288a85427474b601427474b8270001&＃39;, &＃39;eeee&＃39;, 1, 1, None, None, None), (&＃39;40288a854273bce0014273bee6310002&＃39;, &＃39;dddddd&＃39;, 0, 0, None, None, None), (&＃39;40288a854274532d014274532f600001&＃39;, &＃39;cccccc&＃39;, 1, 1, None, None, None), (&＃39;40288a8542747c750142747c77ac0001&＃39;, &＃39;eeee&＃39;, 1, 1, None, None, None), (&＃39;40288a8542744fb30142744fb5e90001&＃39;, &＃39;cccccc&＃39;, 1, 1, None, None, None)]
>>>