作者：李瑶626 | 来源：互联网 | 2023-08-21 19:40
转载&＃xff1a;https://www.cnblogs.com/wangxusummer/p/4309007.html
ngx_lua模块的原理&＃xff1a;
1、每个worker&＃xff08;工作进程&＃xff09;创建一个Lua VM&＃xff0c;worker内所有协程共享VM&＃xff1b;
2、将Nginx I/O原语封装后注入 Lua VM&＃xff0c;允许Lua代码直接访问&＃xff1b;
3、每个外部请求都由一个Lua协程处理&＃xff0c;协程之间数据隔离&＃xff1b;
4、Lua代码调用I/O操作等异步接口时&＃xff0c;会挂起当前协程&＃xff08;并保护上下文数据&＃xff09;&＃xff0c;而不阻塞worker&＃xff1b;
5、I/O等异步操作完成时还原相关协程上下文数据&＃xff0c;并继续运行&＃xff1b;
ngx_lua 模块提供的指令和API等&＃xff1a;
| 指令名称 | 说明 |
| lua_use_default_type | 是否使用default_type指令定义的Content-Type默认值 |
| lua_code_cache | *_by_lua_file文件是否cache |
| lua_regex_cache_max_entries | |
| lua_regex_match_limit | |
| lua_package_path | 用Lua写的lua外部库路径&＃xff08;.lua文件&＃xff09; |
| lua_package_cpath | 用C写的lua外部库路径&＃xff08;.so文件&＃xff09; |
| init_by_lua | master进程启动时挂载的lua代码 |
| init_by_lua_file | |
| init_worker_by_lua | worker进程启动时挂载的lua代码&＃xff0c;常用来执行一些定时器任务 |
| init_worker_by_lua_file | |
| set_by_lua | 设置变量 |
| set_by_lua_file | |
| content_by_lua | handler模块 |
| content_by_lua_file | |
| rewrite_by_lua | |
| rewrite_by_lua_file | |
| access_by_lua | |
| access_by_lua_file | |
| header_filter_by_lua | header filter模块 |
| header_filter_by_lua_file | |
| body_filter_by_lua | body filter模块&＃xff0c;ngx.arg[1]代表输入的chunk&＃xff0c;ngx.arg[2]代表当前chunk是否为last |
| body_filter_by_lua_file | |
| log_by_lua | |
| log_by_lua_file | |
| lua_need_request_body | 是否读请求体&＃xff0c;跟ngx.req.read_body()函数作用类似 |
| lua_shared_dict | 创建全局共享的table&＃xff08;多个worker进程共享&＃xff09; |
| lua_socket_connect_timeout | TCP/unix 域socket对象connect方法的超时时间 |
| lua_socket_send_timeout | TCP/unix 域socket对象send方法的超时时间 |
| lua_socket_send_lowat | 设置cosocket send buffer的low water值 |
| lua_socket_read_timeout | TCP/unix 域socket对象receive方法的超时时间 |
| lua_socket_buffer_size | cosocket读buffer大小 |
| lua_socket_pool_size | cosocket连接池大小 |
| lua_socket_keepalive_timeout | cosocket长连接超时时间 |
| lua_socket_log_errors | 是否打开cosocket错误日志 |
| lua_ssl_ciphers | |
| lua_ssl_crl | |
| lua_ssl_protocols | |
| lua_ssl_trusted_certificate | |
| lua_ssl_verify_depth | |
| lua_http10_buffering | |
| rewrite_by_lua_no_postpone | |
| lua_transform_underscores_in_response_headers | |
| lua_check_client_abort | 是否监视client提前关闭请求的事件&＃xff0c;如果打开监视&＃xff0c;会调用ngx.on_abort()注册的回调 |
| lua_max_pending_timers | |
| lua_max_running_timers | |
| table | 说明 |
| ngx.arg | 指令参数&＃xff0c;如跟在content_by_lua_file后面的参数 |
| ngx.var | 变量&＃xff0c;ngx.var.VARIABLE引用某个变量 |
| ngx.ctx | 请求的lua上下文 |
| ngx.header | 响应头&＃xff0c;ngx.header.HEADER引用某个头 |
| ngx.status | 响应码 |
| | |
| API | 说明 |
| ngx.log | 输出到error.log |
| print | 等价于 ngx.log(ngx.NOTICE, ...) |
| ngx.send_headers | 发送响应头 |
| ngx.headers_sent | 响应头是否已发送 |
| ngx.resp.get_headers | 获取响应头 |
| ngx.timer.at | 注册定时器事件 |
| ngx.is_subrequest | 当前请求是否是子请求 |
| ngx.location.capture | 发布一个子请求 |
| ngx.location.capture_multi | 发布多个子请求 |
| ngx.exec | |
| ngx.redirect | |
| ngx.print | 输出响应 |
| ngx.say | 输出响应&＃xff0c;自动添加&＃39;\n&＃39; |
| ngx.flush | 刷新响应 |
| ngx.exit | 结束请求 |
| ngx.eof | |
| ngx.sleep | 无阻塞的休眠&＃xff08;使用定时器实现&＃xff09; |
| ngx.get_phase | |
| ngx.on_abort | 注册client断开请求时的回调函数 |
| ndk.set_var.DIRECTIVE | |
| ngx.req.start_time | 请求的开始时间 |
| ngx.req.http_version | 请求的HTTP版本号 |
| ngx.req.raw_header | 请求头&＃xff08;包括请求行&＃xff09; |
| ngx.req.get_method | 请求方法 |
| ngx.req.set_method | 请求方法重载 |
| ngx.req.set_uri | 请求URL重写 |
| ngx.req.set_uri_args | |
| ngx.req.get_uri_args | 获取请求参数 |
| ngx.req.get_post_args | 获取请求表单 |
| ngx.req.get_headers | 获取请求头 |
| ngx.req.set_header | |
| ngx.req.clear_header | |
| ngx.req.read_body | 读取请求体 |
| ngx.req.discard_body | 扔掉请求体 |
| ngx.req.get_body_data | |
| ngx.req.get_body_file | |
| ngx.req.set_body_data | |
| ngx.req.set_body_file | |
| ngx.req.init_body | |
| ngx.req.append_body | |
| ngx.req.finish_body | |
| ngx.req.socket | |
| ngx.escape_uri | 字符串的url编码 |
| ngx.unescape_uri | 字符串url解码 |
| ngx.encode_args | 将table编码为一个参数字符串 |
| ngx.decode_args | 将参数字符串编码为一个table |
| ngx.encode_base64 | 字符串的base64编码 |
| ngx.decode_base64 | 字符串的base64解码 |
| ngx.crc32_short | 字符串的crs32_short哈希 |
| ngx.crc32_long | 字符串的crs32_long哈希 |
| ngx.hmac_sha1 | 字符串的hmac_sha1哈希 |
| ngx.md5 | 返回16进制MD5 |
| ngx.md5_bin | 返回2进制MD5 |
| ngx.sha1_bin | 返回2进制sha1哈希值 |
| ngx.quote_sql_str | SQL语句转义 |
| ngx.today | 返回当前日期 |
| ngx.time | 返回UNIX时间戳 |
| ngx.now | 返回当前时间 |
| ngx.update_time | 刷新时间后再返回 |
| ngx.localtime | |
| ngx.utctime | |
| ngx.COOKIE_time | 返回的时间可用于COOKIE值 |
| ngx.http_time | 返回的时间可用于HTTP头 |
| ngx.parse_http_time | 解析HTTP头的时间 |
| ngx.re.match | |
| ngx.re.find | |
| ngx.re.gmatch | |
| ngx.re.sub | |
| ngx.re.gsub | |
| ngx.shared.DICT | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.get | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.get_stale | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.set | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.safe_set | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.add | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.safe_add | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.replace | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.delete | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.incr | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.flush_all | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.flush_expired | |
| ngx.shared.DICT.get_keys | |
| ngx.socket.udp | |
| udpsock:setpeername | |
| udpsock:send | |
| udpsock:receive | |
| udpsock:close | |
| udpsock:settimeout | |
| ngx.socket.tcp | |
| tcpsock:connect | |
| tcpsock:sslhandshake | |
| tcpsock:send | |
| tcpsock:receive | |
| tcpsock:receiveuntil | |
| tcpsock:close | |
| tcpsock:settimeout | |
| tcpsock:setoption | |
| tcpsock:setkeepalive | |
| tcpsock:getreusedtimes | |
| ngx.socket.connect | |
| ngx.thread.spawn | |
| ngx.thread.wait | |
| ngx.thread.kill | |
| coroutine.create | |
| coroutine.resume | |
| coroutine.yield | |
| coroutine.wrap | |
| coroutine.running | |
| coroutine.status | |
| ngx.config.debug | 编译时是否有 --with-debug选项 |
| ngx.config.prefix | 编译时的 --prefix选项 |
| ngx.config.nginx_version | 返回nginx版本号 |
| ngx.config.nginx_configure | 返回编译时 ./configure的命令行选项 |
| ngx.config.ngx_lua_version | 返回ngx_lua模块版本号 |
| ngx.worker.exiting | 当前worker进程是否正在关闭&＃xff08;如reload、shutdown期间&＃xff09; |
| ngx.worker.pid | 返回当前worker进程的pid |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| 常量 | 说明 |
| Core constants | ngx.OK (0)
ngx.ERROR (-1)
ngx.AGAIN (-2)
ngx.DONE (-4)
ngx.DECLINED (-5)
ngx.nil |
| HTTP method constants | ngx.HTTP_GET
ngx.HTTP_HEAD
ngx.HTTP_PUT
ngx.HTTP_POST
ngx.HTTP_DELETE
ngx.HTTP_OPTIONS
ngx.HTTP_MKCOL
ngx.HTTP_COPY
ngx.HTTP_MOVE
ngx.HTTP_PROPFIND
ngx.HTTP_PROPPATCH
ngx.HTTP_LOCK
ngx.HTTP_UNLOCK
ngx.HTTP_PATCH
ngx.HTTP_TRACE |
| HTTP status constants | ngx.HTTP_OK (200)
ngx.HTTP_CREATED (201)
ngx.HTTP_SPECIAL_RESPONSE (300)
ngx.HTTP_MOVED_PERMANENTLY (301)
ngx.HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY (302)
ngx.HTTP_SEE_OTHER (303)
ngx.HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED (304)
ngx.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST (400)
ngx.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED (401)
ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN (403)
ngx.HTTP_NOT_FOUND (404)
ngx.HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED (405)
ngx.HTTP_GONE (410)
ngx.HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR (500)
ngx.HTTP_METHOD_NOT_IMPLEMENTED (501)
ngx.HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE (503)
ngx.HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT (504) |
| Nginx log level constants | ngx.STDERR
ngx.EMERG
ngx.ALERT
ngx.CRIT
ngx.ERR
ngx.WARN
ngx.NOTICE
ngx.INFO
ngx.DEBUG |
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