linux磁盘扩容_当LINUX服务器磁盘空间不够时如何进行磁盘扩容？

概述

最近不知道写啥&＃xff0c;就分享下之前生产环境装oracle rac环境的时候做的一个磁盘扩容案例吧&＃xff0c;整理了一下&＃xff0c;按照流程下来基本没问题的&＃xff0c;主要是作为备忘。

平滑扩容

基础环境检查

fdisk -l

df -h

做啥事之前先检查总是没错的&＃xff0c;通过上面的两个命令对系统磁盘有个大概的了解。

[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sdb: 299.0 GB, 298999349248 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36351 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000d4200Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 1 36352 291990528 8e Linux LVMDisk /dev/sda: 479.0 GB, 478998953984 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58234 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000c4a37Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 64 58235 467259392 8e Linux LVMDisk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-swap_lv: 34.6 GB, 34603008000 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4206 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/sdc: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/sdd: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/sde: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-var_lv: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-home_lv: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-tmp_lv: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylindersUnits &＃61; cylinders of 16065 * 512 &＃61; 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv9.8G 6.7G 2.6G 73% /tmpfs 127G 72K 127G 1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 477M 40M 412M 9% /boot/dev/mapper/VolGroup-home_lv4.8G 10M 4.6G 1% /home/dev/mapper/VolGroup-tmp_lv4.8G 11M 4.6G 1% /tmp/dev/mapper/VolGroup-var_lv4.8G 213M 4.4G 5% /var

1、分析pv、vg情况

pvs

vgs

[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# pvsPV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a--u 445.61g 388.38g/dev/sdb1 VolGroup lvm2 a--u 278.46g 278.46g[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# vgsVG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFreeVolGroup 2 5 0 wz--n- 724.07g 666.84g

2、创建物理卷(不做)

pvcreate /dev/sdapvs

这里我选择不做是因为已经在里面了&＃xff0c;所以没做这一步。

3、扩展逻辑卷(不做)

vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdapvslvsvgsdf -h

这里我选择不做是因为已经在里面了&＃xff0c;所以没做这一步。

4、拉伸磁盘空间

lvextend -L &＃43;300G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv

lvextend -L &＃43;200G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-home_lv

vgs

[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# lvextend -L &＃43;300G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lvSize of logical volume VolGroup/root_lv changed from 10.00 GiB (2560 extents) to 310.00 GiB (79360 extents).Logical volume root_lv successfully resized.[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# vgsVG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFreeVolGroup 2 5 0 wz--n- 724.07g 366.84g

5、resize2fs生效

resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv

resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-home_lv

[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lvresize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing requiredold desc_blocks &＃61; 1, new_desc_blocks &＃61; 20Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv to 81264640 (4k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv is now 81264640 blocks long.

6、检查

df -h

pvs

vgs

lvs

[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-root_lv306G 6.7G 283G 3% /tmpfs 127G 72K 127G 1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 477M 40M 412M 9% /boot/dev/mapper/VolGroup-home_lv4.8G 10M 4.6G 1% /home/dev/mapper/VolGroup-tmp_lv4.8G 11M 4.6G 1% /tmp/dev/mapper/VolGroup-var_lv4.8G 213M 4.4G 5% /var[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# pvsPV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a--u 445.61g 88.38g/dev/sdb1 VolGroup lvm2 a--u 278.46g 278.46g[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# vgsVG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFreeVolGroup 2 5 0 wz--n- 724.07g 366.84g[root&＃64;S-ppxt-dm7-1 ~]# lvsLV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Converthome_lv VolGroup -wi-ao---- 5.00groot_lv VolGroup -wi-ao---- 310.00gswap_lv VolGroup -wi-ao---- 32.23gtmp_lv VolGroup -wi-ao---- 5.00gvar_lv VolGroup -wi-ao---- 5.00g

总结&＃xff1a;

上面的整体流程实际上是先通过fdisk -l看哪个盘准备拿来用&＃xff0c;然后pvcreate它&＃xff0c;接下来用vgextend扩展卷组&＃xff0c;然后对其中的一个逻辑卷lvextend拉伸磁盘空间&＃xff0c;最后resize2fs生效。

后面会分享更多DBA和devops方面的内容&＃xff0c;感兴趣的朋友可以关注下&＃xff01;&＃xff01;