CentOS7x64yum下安装MySQL5.7安装

原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51759200

安装环境：CentOS7 64位 MINI版，安装MySQL5.7

1、配置YUM源

在 MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包： http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

# 下载mysql源安装包
shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

检查mysql源是否安装成功

shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

[root@localhost home]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64        MySQL Connectors Community           3
mysql-tools-community/x86_64             MySQL Tools Community                4
mysql57-community/x86_64                 MySQL 5.7 Community Server          18

看到上图所示表示安装成功

2、安装MySQL

shell> yum install mysql-community-server

3、启动MySQL服务

shell> systemctl start mysqld

查看MySQL的启动状态

[root@localhost home]#  systemctl status mysqld
mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2017-06-26 21:23:21 EDT; 14s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 21186 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 21108 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 21190 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─21190 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/my...

6月 26 21:23:21 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

4、开机启动

shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload

5、修改root默认密码

mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码，然后登录mysql进行修改：

shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

[root@localhost home]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2017-06-27T01:23:00.805572Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: tZ%*dP??j26h

[root@localhost home]#  mysql -uroot -ptZ%*dP??j26h

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPasswd!'; 

或者

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('208170'); 

注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，

并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误，如下图所示：

set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('208170'); 
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息：

mysql> show variables like '%password%';

共有以下几种密码策略：

策略	检查规则
0 or LOW	Length
1 or MEDIUM	Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONG	Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

MySQL官网密码策略详细说明：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy

修改密码策略 ( zhe ge di fang you dian wen ti bu yao cao zuo)

在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置，指定密码策略

# 选择0（LOW），1（MEDIUM），2（STRONG）其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=0

如果不需要密码策略，添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可：

validate_password = off

重新启动mysql服务使配置生效：

systemctl restart mysqld

6、添加远程登录用户

默认只允许root帐户在本地登录，如果要在其它机器上连接mysql，必须修改root允许远程连接，或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户，为了安全起见，我添加一个新的帐户：

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'lhbing'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '208170' WITH GRANT OPTION;

7、配置默认编码为utf8

修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示：

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_cOnnect='SET NAMES utf8'

重新启动mysql服务，查看 数据库默认编码如下所示：
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

默认配置文件路径：  配置文件：/etc/my.cnf  日志文件：/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log  服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service  socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid