Python使用pymongo操作mongodb库

1，安装python3.5

如果python还没有安装，可以直接用yum安装，

# 不过安装的是2.6 version
yum install -y python

源码安装3.5

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.0/Python-3.5.0.tgztar -xvf Python-3.5.0.tgzcd Python-3.5.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local--enable-sharedmakemake installln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

运行Python之前需要配置库

echo /usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf

ldconfig

运行演示

python3 --version

部分执行过程：

[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]# echo/usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]# ldconfig[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]#[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]#[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]# python3--versionPython 3.5.0[root@03_sdwm Python-3.5.0]#

2，安装pymongo

安装方法有2种，分别是Installing with pip和Installing with easy_install，这里采用Installing witheasy_install参考官方文章：

http://api.mongodb.com/python/current/installation.html#installing-with-easy-install，

安装python pymongo

[root@03_sdwm ~]# python3 -m easy_install pymongoSearching for pymongoReading http://pypi.python.org/simple/pymongo/Best match: pymongo 3.4.0Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/82/26/f45f95841de5164c48e2e03aff7f0702e22cef2336238d212d8f93e91ea8/pymongo-3.4.0.tar.gz#md5=aa77f88e51e281c9f328cea701bb6f3eProcessing pymongo-3.4.0.tar.gzRunning pymongo-3.4.0/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-ZZv1Ig/pymongo-3.4.0/egg-dist-tmp-LRDmoyzip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...Adding pymongo 3.4.0 to easy-install.pth file Installed /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pymongo-3.4.0-py2.6-linux-x86_64.eggProcessing dependencies for pymongoFinished processing dependencies for pymongo[root@03_sdwm ~]#

3，使用pymongo操作mongodb

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import pymongoimport datetime  def get_db():    # 建立连接    client = pymongo.MongoClient(host="10.244.25.180", port=27017)    db = client['example']    #或者 db = client.example    return db  def get_collection(db):    # 选择集合（mongo中collection和database都是延时创建的）    coll = db['informations']    print db.collection_names()    return coll  def insert_one_doc(db):    # 插入一个document    coll = db['informations']    information = {"name": "quyang", "age": "25"}    information_id = coll.insert(information)    print information_id  def insert_multi_docs(db):    # 批量插入documents,插入一个数组    coll = db['informations']    information = [{"name": "xiaoming", "age": "25"}, {"name": "xiaoqiang", "age": "24"}]    information_id = coll.insert(information)    print information_id  def get_one_doc(db):    # 有就返回一个，没有就返回None    coll = db['informations']    print coll.find_one()  # 返回第一条记录    print coll.find_one({"name": "quyang"})    print coll.find_one({"name": "none"})  def get_one_by_id(db):    # 通过objectid来查找一个doc    coll = db['informations']    obj = coll.find_one()    obj_id = obj["_id"]    print "_id 为ObjectId类型，obj_id:" + str(obj_id)     print coll.find_one({"_id": obj_id})    # 需要注意这里的obj_id是一个对象，不是一个str，使用str类型作为_id的值无法找到记录    print "_id 为str类型 "    print coll.find_one({"_id": str(obj_id)})    # 可以通过ObjectId方法把str转成ObjectId类型    from bson.objectid import ObjectId     print "_id 转换成ObjectId类型"    print coll.find_one({"_id": ObjectId(str(obj_id))})  def get_many_docs(db):    # mongo中提供了过滤查找的方法，可以通过各种条件筛选来获取数据集，还可以对数据进行计数，排序等处理    coll = db['informations']    #ASCENDING = 1 升序;DESCENDING = -1降序;default is ASCENDING    for item in coll.find().sort("age", pymongo.DESCENDING):        print item     count = coll.count()    print "集合中所有数据 %s个" % int(count)     #条件查询    count = coll.find({"name":"quyang"}).count()    print "quyang: %s"%count def clear_all_datas(db):    #清空一个集合中的所有数据    db["informations"].remove() if __name__ == '__main__':    db = get_db()    my_collection = get_collection(db)    post = {"author": "Mike", "text": "My first blog post!", "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"],            "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}    # 插入记录    my_collection.insert(post)    insert_one_doc(db)    # 条件查询    print my_collection.find_one({"x": "10"})    # 查询表中所有的数据    for iii in my_collection.find():        print iii    print my_collection.count()    my_collection.update({"author": "Mike"},                         {"author": "quyang", "text": "My first blog post!", "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"],                          "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()})    for jjj in my_collection.find():        print jjj    get_one_doc(db)    get_one_by_id(db)    get_many_docs(db)    # clear_all_datas(db)

mysql> show profile for query 4;+--------------------+----------+| Status             | Duration |+--------------------+----------+| executing          | 0.000017 || Sending data       | 0.018048 || executing          | 0.000028 || Sending data       | 0.018125 || executing          | 0.000022 || Sending data       | 0.015749 || executing          | 0.000017 || Sending data       | 0.015633 || executing          | 0.000017 || Sending data       | 0.015382 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015707 || executing          | 0.000023 || Sending data       | 0.015890 || executing          | 0.000022 || Sending data       | 0.015908 || executing          | 0.000017 || Sending data       | 0.015761 || executing          | 0.000022 || Sending data       | 0.015542 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015561 || executing          | 0.000016 || Sending data       | 0.015546 || executing          | 0.000037 || Sending data       | 0.015555 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015779 || executing          | 0.000026 || Sending data       | 0.015815 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015468 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015457 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015457 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015500 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015557 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015537 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015395 || executing          | 0.000021 || Sending data       | 0.015416 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015416 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015399 || executing          | 0.000023 || Sending data       | 0.015407 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015585 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015385 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015412 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015408 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015753 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015376 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015416 || executing          | 0.000019 || Sending data       | 0.015368 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015481 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015619 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015662 || executing          | 0.000016 || Sending data       | 0.015574 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015566 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015488 || executing          | 0.000013 || Sending data       | 0.015493 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015386 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015485 || executing          | 0.000018 || Sending data       | 0.015760 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015386 || executing          | 0.000015 || Sending data       | 0.015418 || executing          | 0.000014 || Sending data       | 0.015458 || end                | 0.000016 || query end          | 0.000019 || closing tables     | 0.000018 || freeing items      | 0.000825 || logging slow query | 0.000067 || cleaning up        | 0.000025 |+--------------------+----------+100 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql>