SpringDataJdbcTemplate入门指南

目标

本文将通过一个学生表（包含 id、name 和 age 属性，其中 id 自增）来展示如何使用 Spring JdbcTemplate 进行数据查询和插入操作。

项目结构

Maven 依赖

mysqlmysql-connector-java5.1.38org.springframeworkspring-jdbc4.3.5.RELEASEorg.springframeworkspring-context4.3.4.RELEASE

代码编写

建立对象模型

Student.java

package com.example.entity;/*** Student 实体类* @author YourName* @create YYYY-MM-DD*/public class Student {private int id; // 主键private String name; // 姓名private int age; // 年龄public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}}

Spring 配置文件 - beans.xml 创建

此文件为最终版，可能由于部分类尚未创建而报错，暂时可以忽略。

beans.xml

DAO 开发

StudentDAO.java

package com.example.dao;import com.example.entity.Student;import java.util.List;/*** 学生类 DAO 接口* @author YourName* @create YYYY-MM-DD*/public interface StudentDAO {/*** 查询所有学生* @return 所有学生*/public List query();/*** 添加一个学生* @param student 学生对象*/public int save(Student student);}

StudentDAOImpl.java

package com.example.dao;import com.example.entity.Student;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/*** Student 类 DAO 实现类，通过 JDBC 方式操作* @author YourName* @create YYYY-MM-DD*/public class StudentDAOImpl implements StudentDAO{private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public List query() {final List students = new ArrayList();String sql = "select id, name, age from student";jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowCallbackHandler() {@Overridepublic void processRow(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {Student student = new Student();student.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));student.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));student.setAge(resultSet.getInt("age"));students.add(student);}});return students;}public int save(Student student) {String sql = "insert into student (name, age) values (?, ?)";int result = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, student.getName(), student.getAge());return result;}public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {return jdbcTemplate;}public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;}}

测试类创建

需要有一定的 JUnit 基础。

DataSourceTest.java

package com.example;import com.example.dao.StudentDAO;import com.example.entity.Student;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import javax.sql.DataSource;import java.util.List;import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;/*** @author YourName* @create YYYY-MM-DD*/public class DataSourceTest {private ApplicationContext ctx;@Beforepublic void setup() {ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");}@Afterpublic void tearDown() {ctx = null;}@Testpublic void testDataSource() {DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean("dataSource", DataSource.class);assertNotNull(dataSource);}@Testpublic void testJdbcTemplate() {JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = ctx.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);assertNotNull(jdbcTemplate);}@Testpublic void testQuery() {StudentDAO studentDAO = ctx.getBean("studentDAO", StudentDAO.class);List studentList = studentDAO.query();for (Student student : studentList) {System.out.println("id: " + student.getId() + " name: " + student.getName() + " age: " + student.getAge());}}@Testpublic void testSave() {StudentDAO studentDAO = ctx.getBean("studentDAO", StudentDAO.class);Student student = new Student();student.setName("maliu");student.setAge(23);int result = studentDAO.save(student);System.out.println(result);}}

参考资料：原文链接