Spring Batch_使用多线程运行一组相同任务的JOB

Spring Batch_使用多线程运行一组相同任务的JOB

主要思路：在spring batch中，一个job会完成一个任务，处理一个数据集，有时这个数据集会很大，导致运行时间很长（虽然做了各种优化，数据库访问的优化，代码的优化等等），但是我想如果把这个数据集分成几块，配置几个相同的job来完成同一个任务，每个job处理其中一个数据块。这样不是也能提高效率，节省时间吗？

那么我们就来实验一下，看看可操作性。。。

如何给给一个大的数据集分块：可以利用limit。通过limit 构造两个sql语句，通过jobParameters 动态传递给运行中的job，那么job的item reader就会读取特定sql 语句查询上来的数据，然后进行处理。。。

下面我的spring batch的配置文件：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:batch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch/spring-batch.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyx.batch" />

    <bean id="exceptionHandler" class="com.lyx.batch.ExceptionListener" />

    <batch:step id="abstractStep" abstract="true">
        <batch:listeners>
            <batch:listener ref="exceptionHandler" />
        batch:listeners>
    batch:step>
    <bean id="abstractCursorReader" abstract="true"
        class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcCursorItemReader">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    bean>

    <batch:job id="addPeopleDescJob_1">
        <batch:step id="addDescStep_1" parent="abstractStep">
            <batch:tasklet>
                <batch:chunk reader="peopleAddDescReader_1" processor="addDescProcessor"
                    writer="addDescPeopleWriter" commit-interval="2" />
            batch:tasklet>
        batch:step>
    batch:job>
    <bean id="peopleAddDescReader_1" parent="abstractCursorReader"
        scope="step">
        <property name="sql" value="#{jobParameters['sql1']}" />
        <property name="rowMapper" ref="peopleRowMapper" />
        <property name="preparedStatementSetter" ref="preparedStatementSetter" />
        <property name="fetchSize" value="20" />
    bean>

    <batch:job id="addPeopleDescJob_2">
        <batch:step id="addDescStep_2" parent="abstractStep">
            <batch:tasklet>
                <batch:chunk reader="peopleAddDescReader_2" processor="addDescProcessor"
                    writer="addDescPeopleWriter" commit-interval="2" />
            batch:tasklet>
        batch:step>
    batch:job>
    <bean id="peopleAddDescReader_2" parent="abstractCursorReader"
        scope="step">
        <property name="sql" value="#{jobParameters['sql2']}" />
        <property name="rowMapper" ref="peopleRowMapper" />
        <property name="preparedStatementSetter" ref="preparedStatementSetter" />
        <property name="fetchSize" value="20" />
    bean>

    <bean id="peopleRowMapper" class="com.lyx.batch.PeopleRowMapper" />
    <bean id="preparedStatementSetter" class="com.lyx.batch.PeoplePreparedStatementSetter" />
    <bean id="addDescProcessor" class="com.lyx.batch.AddPeopleDescProcessor" />
    <bean id="addDescPeopleWriter" class="com.lyx.batch.AddDescPeopleWriter">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    bean>

    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="poolProperties">
            <bean class="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PoolProperties">
                <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
                <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="034039" />
            bean>
        property>
    bean>

    
    <batch:job-repository id="jobRepository"
        data-source="dataSource" transaction-manager="transactionManager"
        isolation-level-for-create="REPEATABLE_READ" table-prefix="BATCH_"
        max-varchar-length="1000" />
    
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    bean>

    
    <bean id="jobLauncher"
        class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
        <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
    bean>
beans>

可以看到有两个job -addPeopleDescJob_1 和 addPeopleDescJob_2，每个job的reader 是不一样的，不一样的地方在 sql参数的不一样，是通过job parameter 动态传递进来的。。

下面是AppMain4.java

package com.lyx.batch;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.batch.core.ExitStatus;
import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersBuilder;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class AppMain4 {

    private static JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException, JobRestartException,
            JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException, JobParametersInvalidException {

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取开始时间

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        final ApplicationContext cOntext= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                new String[] { "classpath:spring-batch4.xml" });
        final JobLauncher launcher = (JobLauncher) context
                .getBean("jobLauncher");

        int rowCount = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select count(*) from people where "
                        + "first_name like '%JOHN%' or last_name like '%DOE%'",
                Integer.class);

        final String sql1;
        final String sql2;
        int mid = (rowCount - 1) >>> 1;
        if ((rowCount & 1) == 0) { // 偶数
            sql1 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? limit 0," + mid;
            sql2 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? order by person_id desc limit 0,"
                    + mid;
        } else { // 奇数
            sql1 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? limit 0," + mid;
            sql2 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? order by person_id desc limit 0,"
                    + (mid + 1);
        }

        Thread thread_1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取开始时间

                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                JobParametersBuilder job1 = new JobParametersBuilder();
                job1.addString("sql1", sql1);
                Job task1 = (Job) context.getBean("addPeopleDescJob_1");

                try {
                    JobExecution result1 = launcher.run(task1,
                            job1.toJobParameters());
                    ExitStatus es1 = result1.getExitStatus();
                    if (es1.getExitCode().equals(
                            ExitStatus.COMPLETED.getExitCode())) {
                        System.out.println("job1任务正常完成");
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("job1任务失败，exitCode="
                                + es1.getExitCode());
                    }
                } catch (JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobRestartException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobParametersInvalidException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取结束时间
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "运行时间： "
                        + (t2 - t1) + "ms");
            }
        });

        thread_1.start();

        Thread thread_2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                JobParametersBuilder job2 = new JobParametersBuilder();
                // 设置JobParameter
                job2.addString("sql2", sql2);
                Job task2 = (Job) context.getBean("addPeopleDescJob_2");
                try {
                    JobExecution result2 = launcher.run(task2,
                            job2.toJobParameters());
                    ExitStatus es2 = result2.getExitStatus();
                    if (es2.getExitCode().equals(
                            ExitStatus.COMPLETED.getExitCode())) {
                        System.out.println("job2任务正常完成");
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("job2任务失败，exitCode="
                                + es2.getExitCode());
                    }
                } catch (JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobRestartException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JobParametersInvalidException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取结束时间
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "运行时间： "
                        + (t2 - t1) + "ms");
            }
        });
        thread_2.start();
        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取结束时间
        System.out.println("程序运行时间： " + (endTime - startTime) + "ms");
    }
}

PeoplePreparedStatementSetter.java

package com.lyx.batch;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter;

public class PeoplePreparedStatementSetter implements PreparedStatementSetter {

    public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        ps.setString(1, "%JOHN%");
        ps.setString(2, "%DOE%");
        // ps.setInt(3, 1);
        // ps.setInt(4, 100);
    }
}

运行结果：

job1任务正常完成

Thread-3运行时间： 4573ms

job2任务正常完成

Thread-4运行时间： 4627ms

看到每个线程的运行时间都在4秒多。

再看一下在一个线程中运行一组Job的情况：

AppMain3.java

package com.lyx.batch;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.batch.core.ExitStatus;
import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersBuilder;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class AppMain3 {

    private static JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException, JobRestartException,
            JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException, JobParametersInvalidException {

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取开始时间

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        ApplicationContext cOntext= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                new String[] { "classpath:spring-batch4.xml" });
        JobLauncher launcher = (JobLauncher) context.getBean("jobLauncher");

        int rowCount = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
                "select count(*) from people where "
                        + "first_name like '%JOHN%' or last_name like '%DOE%'",
                Integer.class);

        String sql1 = null;
        String sql2 = null;
        int mid = (rowCount - 1) >>> 1;
        if ((rowCount & 1) == 0) { // 偶数
            sql1 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? limit 0," + mid;
            sql2 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? order by person_id desc limit 0,"
                    + mid;
        } else { // 奇数
            sql1 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? limit 0," + mid;
            sql2 = "select first_name ,last_name from people where "
                    + "first_name like ? or last_name like ? order by person_id desc limit 0,"
                    + (mid + 1);
        }

        JobParametersBuilder job1 = new JobParametersBuilder();
        job1.addString("sql1", sql1);
        Job task1 = (Job) context.getBean("addPeopleDescJob_1");

        JobExecution result1 = launcher.run(task1, job1.toJobParameters());
        ExitStatus es1 = result1.getExitStatus();
        if (es1.getExitCode().equals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED.getExitCode())) {
            System.out.println("job1任务正常完成");
        } else {
            System.out.println("job1任务失败，exitCode=" + es1.getExitCode());
        }

        JobParametersBuilder job2 = new JobParametersBuilder();
        // 设置JobParameter
        job2.addString("sql2", sql2);

        Job task2 = (Job) context.getBean("addPeopleDescJob_2");
        JobExecution result2 = launcher.run(task2, job2.toJobParameters());
        ExitStatus es2 = result2.getExitStatus();
        if (es2.getExitCode().equals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED.getExitCode())) {
            System.out.println("job2任务正常完成");
        } else {
            System.out.println("job2任务失败，exitCode=" + es2.getExitCode());
        }

        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 获取结束时间
        System.out.println("程序运行时间： " + (endTime - startTime) + "ms");
    }
}

运行结果：

job1任务正常完成

job2任务正常完成

程序运行时间： 8706ms

结果你也看到了，是不是多线程运行一组job效率更高。但是用多线程，配置一组相同的job带来的问题我没有预计到，虽然提高了效率，但可能给job的重试和重启还有job的管理带来了问题。。

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