Oracle12CRACGI软件安装

1.IP地址分配：

#DNS

192.168.16.200  mus

#RAC1

192.168.16.201 rac1.bsr.com        bsrrac1

192.168.16.202 rac1-vip.bsr.com    bsrrac1-vip

10.10.10.201   rac1-pri1.bsr.com   bsrrac1-pri

#RAC2

192.168.16.203 rac2.bsr.com        bsrrac2

192.168.16.204 rac2-vip.bsr.com    bsrrac2-vip

10.10.10.202   rac2-pri1.bsr.com   bsrrac2-pri

#RAC3

192.168.16.205 rac3.bsr.com        bsrrac3

192.168.16.206 rac3-vip.bsr.com    bsrrac3-vip

10.10.10.205   rac3-pri1.bsr.com   bsrrac3-pri

#SCAN-IP

192.168.16.210 rac-scan.bsr.com   rac-scan

192.168.16.211 rac-scan.bsr.com   rac-scan

192.168.16.212 rac-scan.bsr.com   rac-scan

2.创建用户组与对应目录

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

groupadd -g 503 oper

groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

groupadd -g 505 asmdba

groupadd -g 506 asmoper

useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

passwd oracle

passwd grid

mkdir -p u01/app/grid

mkdir -p u01/app/12.2.0/grid

mkdir -p u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

#mkdir -p u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall u01/app

chown -R oracle:oinstall u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 u01/app

3.YUM源配置以及先决条件部署

yum install -y binutils*

yum install -y compat-libstdc++*

yum install -y compat-libcap1*

yum install -y gcc*

yum install -y gcc-c++*

yum install -y glibc*

yum install -y ksh

yum install -y libaio*

yum install -y libgcc*

yum install -y libstdc++*

yum install -y libXext*

yum install -y libXtst*

yum install -y libX11*

yum install -y libXau*

yum install -y libXi*

yum install -y make*

yum install -y sysstat*

yum install -y unixODBC*

4.关闭不必要的服务

chkconfig autofs off

chkconfig acpid off

chkconfig sendmail off

chkconfig cups-config-daemon off

chkconfig cpus off

chkconfig xfs off

chkconfig lm_sensors off

chkconfig gpm off

chkconfig openibd off

chkconfig pcmcia off

chkconfig cpuspeed off

chkconfig nfslock off

chkconfig iptables off

chkconfig ip6tables off

chkconfig rpcidmapd off

chkconfig apmd off

chkconfig sendmail off

chkconfig arptables_jf off

chkconfig microcode_ctl off

chkconfig rpcgssd off

5.修改参数

vi etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

#kernel.shmall = 16777216

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem =250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

sysctl -p

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc  2047

oracle hard nproc  16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack  10240

oracle hard stack  10240

grid  soft  nproc 2047

grid  hard  nproc 16384

grid  soft  nofile 1024

grid  hard  nofile 65536

grid  soft  stack 10240

grid  hard  stack 10240

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ];then

ulimit -u 16384

ulimit -n 65536

fi

6.配置环境变量

GRID

vi .bash_profile

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

ORACLE

vi .bash_profile

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=bsrdb1

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

7.关闭TransparentHugePages

（1）查看验证transparent_hugepage的状态

cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

always madvise [never]  结果为never表示关闭

（2）关闭方法[root@getlnx06~]# vi /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled; then

   echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

fi

PS.

从RedHat 6,OEL 6, SLES 11 and UEK2 kernels 开始，系统缺省会启用 Transparent HugePages ：用来提高内存管理的性能透明大页（TransparentHugePages ）和之前版本中的大页功能上类似。主要的区别是：Transparent HugePages 可以实时配置，不需要重启才能生效配置；

Transparent Huge Pages在32位的RHEL 6中是不支持的。

Transparent Huge Pages are not available on the 32-bit version ofRHEL 6.

ORACLE官方不建议我们使用RedHat 6, OEL 6, SLES 11 and UEK2 kernels 时的开启透明大页（TransparentHugePages ），因为透明大页（Transparent HugePages ）存在一些问题：

在RAC环境下 透明大页（TransparentHugePages ）会导致异常节点重启，和性能问题；

在单机环境中，透明大页（TransparentHugePages ）也会导致一些异常的性能问题；

8.DNS

vi /etc/resolv.conf

search bsr.com

nameserver 192.168.16.200

9.ISCSI

iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.16.199

手工登陆

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.bsr.com -p 192.168.16.199 -l

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.bsr.com -p 192.168.16.199 -l

自动登陆

iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.bsr.com -p 192.168.16.199 --op update -nnode.startup -v automatic

/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdb

14f504e46494c455250796f4649472d335930792d6d7a3841

/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdc

14f504e46494c45526b46466642582d39376a322d764d5472

/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdd

14f504e46494c45526866385a47302d69706d332d30676553

/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sde

14f504e46494c455233475a336f412d38526d332d4e346d56

/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdf

14f504e46494c4552593330774d312d653677732d77645279

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c455250796f4649472d335930792d6d7a3841",NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c45526b46466642582d39376a322d764d5472",NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id-g -u  /dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c45526866385a47302d69706d332d30676553",NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name", RESULT=="14f504e46494c455233475a336f412d38526d332d4e346d56",NAME="asm-diske", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="14f504e46494c4552593330774d312d653677732d77645279",NAME="asm-diskf", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdd",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sde",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdf",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

KERNEL=="raw*", OWNER="grid"GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

10.互信

./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "bsrrac1 bsrrac2bsrrac3" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase

./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "bsrrac1 bsrrac2bsrrac3" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase

./runcluvfy.sh stage -precrsinst -n bsrrac1,bsrrac2 -verbose

./runcluvfy.sh stage -post hwos -n bsrrac1,bsrrac2 -verbose

./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n bsrrac1,bsrrac2,bsrrac3 -fixup-verbose

vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

修改行

hosts:      files dns

为

hosts:      files dns nis

vi /etc/sysconfig/network

NOZEROCOnF=yes

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=10M count=5000

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=10M count=5000

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=10M count=5000

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=1024M count=5000

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw5 bs=1024M count=5000

安装gi

Name           Type           Target    State    Host       

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....AF.lsnr ora....er.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE              

ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac2    

ora....N2.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....N3.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.MGMTLSNR   ora....nr.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....VOTE.dg ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.asm       ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....C1.lsnr application   ONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1    

ora....ac1.ons application   ONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1    

ora....ac1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora....C2.lsnr application   ONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac2    

ora....ac2.ons application   ONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac2    

ora....ac2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac2    

ora.cvu       ora.cvu.type   ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.gns       ora.gns.type   ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.gns.vip    ora....ip.typeONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1    

ora.mgmtdb     ora....db.typeONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1    

ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.oc4j      ora.oc4j.type  ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.ons       ora.ons.type   ONLINE    ONLINE   bsrrac1    

ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.typeONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac2    

ora.scan2.vip  ora....ip.typeONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1    

ora.scan3.vip  ora....ip.typeONLINE    ONLINE    bsrrac1