SUN VirtualBox 的命令行启动/关闭方法简介 VirtualBox 详细命令 linux开机自动启动虚拟机系统
当你安装很多套Virtualbox的虚拟机器系统后,希望能在开机后自动启动虚拟机器的系统。
开启记事本,将虚线内文字另存为"Virtualbox.bat",将档案存放到[开始]->[程式集]->[启动]内,即可在开机时同时跑3个Virtualbox虚拟机器的系统了。
这种启动方式,让你不须要点选Virtualbox主程式,再开启你要执行的虚拟机器的OS。它会自动启动在背景执行,如果你有设定OS可以远端遥控的话,你可以在别台电脑以远端连线来控制虚拟机器的OS。
我们可以使用VBxManager 命令行管理工具来查看当前的虚拟基设置 和状态
下面通过实例来说明如何从命令行启动和关闭VirtualBox 虚拟机的两种常用方式。
第一种:使用 VRDP
方式通过命令行启动虚拟机: (虚拟机名为:dcsvr08)
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$ VBoxManage startvm dcsvr08 -type
vrdp
第二种 :使用 Headless 启动无前端图形界面方式:
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$ VBoxHeadless -startvm
"dcsvr08"
VirtualBox Headless Interface 2.1.4
(C) 2008-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
3389是VRDP(远程桌面)监听端口 。
启用VRDP后,一旦虚拟机启动完毕,我们就可以通过远程桌面/XManage等GUI远程管理工具来登录客户操作系统 。
要确认虚拟机是否在运行 ,可以使用命令VBoxManage list
runningvm 来查看。
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$ VBoxManage list runningvms
从命令行关闭虚拟机
通过VBoxManage 命令行工具的VBoxManage
controlvm
其中常用的几个选项是:
pause resume reset poweroff savestate acpipowerbutton
acpisleepbutton
下面示例使用 poweroff
选项关闭虚拟机 dcsvr08
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$ VBoxManage controlvm dcsvr08
poweroff
VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 2.1.4
(C) 2005-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$ VBoxManage list
runningvms
VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 2.1.4
(C) 2005-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
3ce3fd01-7e17-46b3-8394-be9c1b17ee66
QHo@qhoferrari1k:~$
在poweroff 后马上list runningvms ,可以看到dscvr08已经被关闭,现在只有一台虚机处于运行状态。
[root@server ~]# VBoxManage
Oracle VM VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 4.1.2
(C) 2005-2011 Oracle Corporation
All rights reserved.
Usage:
VBoxManage [-v|--version] print version number and exit
VBoxManage [-q|--nologo] ... suppress the logo
VBoxManage list [--long|-l] vms|runningvms|ostypes|hostdvds|hostfloppies|
bridgedifs|hostonlyifs|dhcpservers|hostinfo|
hostcpuids|hddbackends|hdds|dvds|floppies|
usbhost|usbfilters|systemproperties|extpacks
VBoxManage showvminfo
[--machinereadable]
VBoxManage showvminfo
VBoxManage registervm
VBoxManage unregistervm
VBoxManage createvm --name
[--ostype
[--register]
[--basefolder
[--uuid
VBoxManage modifyvm
[--name
[--ostype
[--memory
[--pagefusion on|off]
[--vram
[--acpi on|off]
[--pciattach 03:04.0]
[--pciattach 03:04.0@02:01.0]
[--pcidetach 03:04.0]
[--ioapic on|off]
[--pae on|off]
[--hpet on|off]
[--hwvirtex on|off]
[--hwvirtexexcl on|off]
[--nestedpaging on|off]
[--largepages on|off]
[--vtxvpid on|off]
[--synthcpu on|off]
[--cpuidset
[--cpuidremove
[--cpuidremoveall]
[--hardwareuuid
[--cpus
[--cpuhotplug on|off]
[--plugcpu
[--unplugcpu
[--cpuexecutioncap <1-100>]
[--rtcuseutc on|off]
[--monitorcount
[--accelerate3d on|off]
[--accelerate2dvideo on|off]
[--firmware bios|efi|efi32|efi64]
[--chipset ich9|piix3]
[--bioslogofadein on|off]
[--bioslogofadeout on|off]
[--bioslogodisplaytime
[--bioslogoimagepath
[--biosbootmenu disabled|menuonly|messageandmenu]
[--biossystemtimeoffset
[--biospxedebug on|off]
[--boot<1-4> none|floppy|dvd|disk|net>]
[--nic<1-N> none|null|nat|bridged|intnet|hostonly|
generic]
[--nictype<1-N> Am79C970A|Am79C973|
82540EM|82543GC|82545EM|
virtio]
[--cableconnected<1-N> on|off]
[--nictrace<1-N> on|off]
[--nictracefile<1-N>
[--nicproperty<1-N> name=[value]]
[--nicspeed<1-N>
[--nicbootprio<1-N>
[--nicpromisc<1-N> deny|allow-vms|allow-all]
[--nicbandwidthgroup<1-N> none|
[--bridgeadapter<1-N> none|
[--hostonlyadapter<1-N> none|
[--intnet<1-N>
[--natnet<1-N>
[--nicgenericdrv<1-N>
[--natsettings<1-N> [
[
[
[--natpf<1-N>
[
[--natpf<1-N> delete
[--nattftpprefix<1-N>
[--nattftpfile<1-N>
[--nattftpserver<1-N>
[--natbindip<1-N>
[--natdnspassdomain<1-N> on|off]
[--natdnsproxy<1-N> on|off]
[--natdnshostresolver<1-N> on|off]
[--nataliasmode<1-N> default|[log],[proxyonly],
[sameports]]
[--macaddress<1-N> auto|
[--mouse ps2|usb|usbtablet
[--keyboard ps2|usb
[--uart<1-N> off|
[--uartmode<1-N> disconnected|
server
client
file
[--guestmemoryballoon
[--gueststatisticsinterval
[--audio none|null|oss|alsa|pulse]
[--audiocontroller ac97|hda|sb16]
[--clipboard disabled|hosttoguest|guesttohost|
bidirectional]
[--vrde on|off]
[--vrdeextpack default|
[--vrdeproperty
[--vrdeport
[--vrdeaddress
[--vrdeauthtype null|external|guest]
[--vrdeauthlibrary default|
[--vrdemulticon on|off]
[--vrdereusecon on|off]
[--vrdevideochannel on|off]
[--vrdevideochannelquality
[--usb on|off]
[--usbehci on|off]
[--snapshotfolder default|
[--teleporter on|off]
[--teleporterport
[--teleporteraddress
[--teleporterpassword
VBoxManage clonevm
[--snapshot
[--mode machine|machineandchildren|all]
[--options link|keepallmacs|keepnatmacs|
keepdisknames]
[--name
[--basefolder
[--uuid
[--register]
VBoxManage import
[--dry-run|-n]
[--options keepallmacs|keepnatmacs]
[more options]
(run with -n to have options displayed
for a particular OVF)
VBoxManage export
[--legacy09]
[--manifest]
[--vsys
[--product
[--producturl
[--vendor
[--vendorurl
[--version
[--eula
[--eulafile
VBoxManage startvm
[--type gui|sdl|headless]
VBoxManage controlvm
pause|resume|reset|poweroff|savestate|
acpipowerbutton|acpisleepbutton|
keyboardputscancode
setlinkstate<1-N> on|off |
nic<1-N> null|nat|bridged|intnet|hostonly|generic
[
nictrace<1-N> on|off
nictracefile<1-N>
nicproperty<1-N> name=[value]
natpf<1-N>
[
natpf<1-N> delete
guestmemoryballoon
gueststatisticsinterval
usbattach
usbdetach
vrde on|off |
vrdeport
vrdeproperty
vrdevideochannelquality
setvideomodehint
screenshotpng
setcredentials
[--allowlocallogon
teleport --host
[--maxdowntime
plugcpu
unplugcpu
cpuexecutioncap <1-100>
VBoxManage discardstate
VBoxManage adoptstate
VBoxManage snapshot
take
delete
restore
restorecurrent |
edit
[--name
[--description
showvminfo
VBoxManage closemedium disk|dvd|floppy
[--delete]
VBoxManage storageattach
--storagectl
[--port
[--device
[--type dvddrive|hdd|fdd]
[--medium none|emptydrive|
[--mtype normal|writethrough|immutable|shareable|
readonly|multiattach]
[--comment
[--setuuid
[--setparentuuid
[--passthrough on|off]
[--tempeject on|off]
[--nonrotational on|off]
[--bandwidthgroup
[--forceunmount]
[--server
[--target
[--tport
[--lun
[--encodedlun
[--username
[--password
[--intnet]
VBoxManage storagectl
--name
[--add ide|sata|scsi|floppy|sas]
[--controller LSILogic|LSILogicSAS|BusLogic|
IntelAHCI|PIIX3|PIIX4|ICH6|I82078]
[--sataideemulation<1-4> <1-30>]
[--sataportcount <1-30>]
[--hostiocache on|off]
[--bootable on|off]
[--remove]
VBoxManage bandwidthctl
--name
[--add disk|network]
[--limit
[--delete]
VBoxManage showhdinfo
VBoxManage createhd --filename
--size
[--format VDI|VMDK|VHD] (default: VDI)
[--variant Standard,Fixed,Split2G,Stream,ESX]
VBoxManage modifyhd
[--type normal|writethrough|immutable|shareable|
readonly|multiattach]
[--autoreset on|off]
[--compact]
[--resize
VBoxManage clonehd
[--format VDI|VMDK|VHD|RAW|
[--variant Standard,Fixed,Split2G,Stream,ESX]
[--existing]
VBoxManage convertfromraw
[--format VDI|VMDK|VHD]
[--variant Standard,Fixed,Split2G,Stream,ESX]
VBoxManage convertfromraw stdin
[--format VDI|VMDK|VHD]
[--variant Standard,Fixed,Split2G,Stream,ESX]
VBoxManage getextradata
global|
VBoxManage setextradata
global|
[
VBoxManage setproperty machinefolder
default|
vrdeauthlibrary default|
websrvauthlibrary default|null|
vrdeextpack null|
loghistorycount
VBoxManage usbfilter add
--target
--name
--action ignore|hold (global filters only)
[--active yes|no] (yes)
[--vendorid
[--productid
[--revision
[--manufacturer
[--product
[--remote yes|no] (null, VM filters only)
[--serialnumber
[--maskedinterfaces
VBoxManage usbfilter modify
--target
[--name
[--action ignore|hold] (global filters only)
[--active yes|no]
[--vendorid
[--productid
[--revision
[--manufacturer
[--product
[--remote yes|no] (null, VM filters only)
[--serialnumber
[--maskedinterfaces
VBoxManage usbfilter remove
--target
VBoxManage sharedfolder add
--name
[--transient] [--readonly] [--automount]
VBoxManage sharedfolder remove
--name
VBoxManage guestproperty get
VBoxManage guestproperty set
VBoxManage guestproperty enumerate
[--patterns
VBoxManage guestproperty wait
[--timeout
VBoxManage guestcontrol
exec[ute]
--image
--username
[--dos2unix]
[--environment "
[--timeout
[--wait-exit] [--wait-stdout] [--wait-stderr]
[-- [
copyfrom
--username
[--dryrun] [--follow] [--recursive] [--verbose]
copyto|cp
--username
[--dryrun] [--follow] [--recursive] [--verbose]
createdir[ectory]|mkdir|md
--username
[--parents] [--mode
stat
--username
[--verbose]
updateadditions
[--source
VBoxManage debugvm
dumpguestcore --filename
info
injectnmi |
osdetect |
osinfo |
getregisters [--cpu
setregisters [--cpu
statistics [--reset] [--pattern
[--descriptions]
VBoxManage metrics list
[*|host|
(comma-separated)
VBoxManage metrics setup
[--period
[--samples
[--list]
[*|host|
VBoxManage metrics query
[*|host|
VBoxManage metrics enable
[--list]
[*|host|
VBoxManage metrics disable
[--list]
[*|host|
VBoxManage metrics collect
[--period
[--samples
[--list]
[--detach]
[*|host|
VBoxManage hostonlyif ipconfig
[--dhcp |
--ip
--ipv6
create |
remove
VBoxManage dhcpserver add|modify
--netname
--ifname
[--ip
--netmask
--lowerip
--upperip
[--enable | --disable]
VBoxManage dhcpserver remove --netname
--ifname
VBoxManage extpack install
[--replace]
uninstall [--force]
cleanup