安装mariadb 数据库 (默认没有密码,直接mysql即可进入数据库管理控制台)
yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs -y
systemctl start mariadb
netstat -tnlp |grep :3306
新建数据库
create database school default character set utf8;CREATE TABLE student(s_id varchar(20),s_name varchar(20) not null default '',s_birth varchar(20) not null default '',s_sex varchar(10) not null default '',primary key(s_id)
);--课程表
create table course(c_id varchar(20),c_name varchar(20) not null default '',t_id varchar(20) not null,primary key(c_id)
);--教师表
create table teacher(t_id varchar(20),t_name varchar(20) not null default '',primary key(t_id)
);--成绩表
create table score(s_id varchar(20),c_id varchar(20),s_score int(3),primary key(s_id,c_id)
);--插入学生测试数据
insert into student values('1001','zhaolei','1990-1001-1001','male');
insert into student values('1002','lihang','1990-12-21','male');
insert into student values('1003','yanwen','1990-1005-20','male');
insert into student values('1004','hongfei','1990-1008-1006','male');
insert into student values('1005','ligang','1991-12-1001','male');
insert into student values('1006','zhousheng','1992-1003-1001','male');
insert into student values('1007','wangjun','1989-1007-1001','male');
insert into student values('1008','zhoufei','1990-1001-20','male');--课程表测试数据
insert into course values('1001','chinese','1002');
insert into course values('1002','math','1001');
insert into course values('1003','english','1003');--教师表测试数据
insert into teacher values('1001', 'aidisheng');
insert into teacher values('1002', 'aiyinsitan');
insert into teacher values('1003', 'qiansanqiang');--成绩表测试
insert into score values('1001','1001',80);
insert into score values('1001','1002',90);
insert into score values('1001','1003',99);insert into score values('1002','1001',70);
insert into score values('1002','1002',60);
insert into score values('1002','1003',80);insert into score values('1003','1001',80);
insert into score values('1003','1002',80);
insert into score values('1003','1003',80);insert into score values('1004','1001',50);
insert into score values('1004','1002',30);
insert into score values('1004','1003',20);insert into score values('1005','1001',76);
insert into score values('1005','1002',87);insert into score values('1006','1001',31);
insert into score values('1006','1002',34);insert into score values('1007','1001',58);
insert into score values('1007','1002',88);school.sql
导入数据
mysql 常用选项
mysql命令参数详解
-u 用户名-p 用户密码-h 服务器ip地址-D 连接的数据库-N 不输出列信息-B 使用tab键代替默认交互分隔符-e 执行sql语句其他选项-E 垂直输出-H 以HTML格式输出-X 以XML格式输出
-D 指定数据库 -e 不用交互模式
mysql -D school -e "select * from student;";
-N 不显示列信息,-B 去除多余信息, -D 指定操作的数据库
mysql -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-E 垂直显示
mysql -E -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-H 以HTML格式显示
mysql -H -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-X 以xml格式显示
mysql -X -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;" > result.xml
在 shell 脚本中操作mysql 数据库
operate_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"
db_name="$1"SQL="$2"mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password" -D"$1" -B -e "$SQL"
执行 sql 语句
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score"
插入数据
sh operate_mysql.sh school "insert into score values('1020','1002','100');"
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score"
导出txt文本,-B去掉多余的符号可以导入到excel表格中
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score" > result.txt
利用shell脚本将文本数据导入到mysql中
创建表结构和student一样结构的student1表
create table student1 like student;
data.txt
1010 jerry 1991-12-13 male
1011 mike 1991-12-13 female
1012 tracy 1991-12-13 male
1013 kobe 1991-12-13 male
1014 allen 1991-12-13 female
1015 curry 1991-12-13 male
1016 tom 1991-12-13 female
编写导入数据脚本 import_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""cat data.txt | while read id name birth sex
do$mysql_conn -e "INSERT INTO school.student1 values('$id','$name','$birth','$sex')"
done
执行脚本
导入数据可以用load,有时候有一些特殊需求比如插入s_id大于1014的行,这个时候就需要使用 shell 语句进行过滤了
import_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""cat data.txt | while read id name birth sex
do# 有插入条件if [ $id -gt 1014 ];then$mysql_conn -e "INSERT INTO school.student1 values('$id','$name','$birth','$sex')"fi
done
执行脚本
sh import_mysql.sh
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student1"
需求2:
data2.txt
2021|hao|1989-12-21|male
2022|zhang|1989-12-21|male
2023|ouyang|1989-12-21|male
2024|li|1989-12-21|female
cat import_mysql-2.sh
#!/bin/bash
#user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"# IFS是系统自带的变量,分隔符 input filre saperator
IFS="|"cat data2.txt | while read id name birth sex
do# 注意,当使用|类似这种特殊符号时,需要将mysql命令不写成命令,否则会报错mysql -u"$user" -p"$password" -h"$host" -e "INSERT INTO school.student2 values('$id','$name','$birth','$sex')"
done
## 使用冒号: 分隔也没有问题
执行脚本
sh import_mysql-2.sh
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student2"
data3.txt
2025:hao:1989-12-21:male
2026:zhang:1989-12-21:male
2027:ouyang:1989-12-21:male
2028:li:1989-12-21:female
import_mysql-2.sh
#!/bin/bash
#user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"#mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""# IFS是系统自带的变量,分隔符 input filre saperator
IFS=":"cat data3.txt | while read id name birth sex
domysql -u"$user" -p"$password" -h"$host" -e "INSERT INTO school.student2 values('$id','$name','$birth','$sex')"
done
执行脚本
sh import_mysql-2.sh
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student2"
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