RPM的数据库:/var/lib/rpm 系统中安装的软件信息都会放在这个目录下,要及时备份。
- [root@localhost rpm]# ls -l /var/lib/rpm
- total 56372
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5607424 Nov 14 09:58 Basenames
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12288 Nov 14 09:57 Conflictname
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24576 Mar 29 17:33 __db.001
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1318912 Mar 29 17:33 __db.002
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 663552 Mar 29 17:33 __db.003
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1933312 Nov 14 09:58 Dirnames
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5316608 Nov 14 09:58 Filemd5s
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32768 Nov 14 09:58 Group
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20480 Nov 14 09:58 Installtid
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45056 Nov 14 09:58 Name
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42541056 Nov 14 09:58 Packages
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1310720 Nov 14 09:58 Providename
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 528384 Nov 14 09:58 Provideversion
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12288 Nov 14 09:33 Pubkeys
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 413696 Nov 14 09:58 Requirename
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237568 Nov 14 09:58 Requireversion
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 167936 Nov 14 09:58 Sha1header
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 86016 Nov 14 09:58 Sigmd5
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12288 Nov 14 09:58 Triggername
查询已经安装的软件包:rpm -q --all
rpm -qa
- [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -q --all | grep zip
- bzip2-libs-1.0.3-6.el5_5
- unzip-5.52-3.0.1.el5
- zip-2.31-2.el5
- bzip2-1.0.3-6.el5_5
- gzip-1.3.5-13.0.1.el5
- bzip2-devel-1.0.3-6.el5_5
- bzip2-libs-1.0.3-6.el5_5
- bzip2-devel-1.0.3-6.el5_5
查询已安装软件包信息:rpm -q --info zip
rpm -qi zip
- [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -qi zip
- Name : zip Relocations: (not relocatable)
- Version : 2.31 Vendor: Oracle USA
- Release : 2.el5 Build Date: Sat 01 Nov 2008 01:55:20 PM CST
- Install Date: Wed 14 Nov 2012 09:34:10 AM CST Build Host: ca-build15.us.oracle.com
- Group : Applications/Archiving Source RPM: zip-2.31-2.el5.src.rpm
- Size : 318496 License: distributable
- Signature : DSA/SHA1, Mon 10 Nov 2008 10:21:29 AM CST, Key ID 66ced3de1e5e0159
- URL : http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/Zip.html
- Summary : A file compression and packaging utility compatible with PKZIP.
- Description :
- The zip program is a compression and file packaging utility. Zip is
- analogous to a combination of the UNIX tar and compress commands and
- is compatible with PKZIP (a compression and file packaging utility for
- MS-DOS systems).
- Install the zip package if you need to compress files using the zip
- program.
查询未安装的软件包信息:rpm -q --info --package zip-2.31-2.e15.rpm
查询软件包内容:rpm -q --list zip
rpm -ql zip
- [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ql zip
- /usr/bin/zip
- /usr/bin/zipcloak
- /usr/bin/zipnote
- /usr/bin/zipsplit
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/BUGS
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/CHANGES
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/LICENSE
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/MANUAL
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/README
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/TODO
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHATSNEW
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/WHERE
- /usr/share/doc/zip-2.31/algorith.txt
- /usr/share/man/man1/zip.1.gz
查询软件包修改记录:rpm -q --changelog zip
- [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -q --changelog zip
- * Wed Jul 09 2008 Ivana Varekova <varekova&#64;redhat.com> - 2.31-2
- - Resolves: #371041
- zip does not honor umask setting
- * Thu Jul 13 2006 Jesse Keating <jkeating&#64;redhat.com> - 2.31-1.2.2
- - rebuild
查询软件包所需组件&#xff1a; rpm -q -requires zip
- [root&#64;localhost rpm]# rpm -q -requires zip
- libc.so.6()(64bit)
- libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit)
- libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit)
- libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit)
- libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4)(64bit)
- rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <&#61; 3.0.4-1
- rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <&#61; 4.0-1
- rtld(GNU_HASH)
查询文件的提供软件&#xff1a;rpm -q --file /bin/ls
- [root&#64;localhost rpm]# rpm -q --file /bin/ls
- coreutils-5.97-34.el5
安装软件&#xff1a;rpm -ivh PACKAGES
升级软件&#xff1a;rpm -Uvh PACKAGES
更新软件&#xff1a;rpm -Fvh PACKAGES
删除软件&#xff1a;rpm -e