python画彩色立体柱状图

上图看效果

首先准备数据&＃xff0c;必备的两个&＃xff0c;pandas和numpy

然后需要使用画图的库&＃xff1a;

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

这个库就是用来画图的&＃xff0c;很多画图流程和matlab十分十分像

2D条形图

教程网上很多&＃xff0c;主要就是如何给条形图按照值的大小涂上不同的颜色&＃xff0c;重要步骤在3~6行&＃xff0c;ax.bar()中填入color&＃61;字段就可

def draw_2Dfig(datalist, title, arg, average):index &＃61; list(range(1, len(datalist) &＃43; 1))fig &＃61; plt.figure(num&＃61;1, figsize&＃61;(20, 10))norm &＃61; plt.Normalize(0, 100)norm_values &＃61; norm(datalist)map_vir &＃61; cm.get_cmap(name&＃61;&＃39;winter_r&＃39;)colors &＃61; map_vir(norm_values)ax &＃61; fig.add_subplot(111)ax.bar(index, datalist, color&＃61;colors)ax.set_xlabel(&＃39;OBU location&＃39;)ax.set_ylabel(arg &＃43; &＃39;/%&＃39;)ax.set_title(title)ax.plot(index, [average] * len(datalist), &＃39;--&＃39;, linewidth&＃61;3, color&＃61;&＃39;orange&＃39;)plt.grid(axis&＃61;&＃39;y&＃39;)x &＃61; 100y &＃61; averageax.text(x, y &＃43; 1, &＃39;average &＃61; {}&＃39;.format(average), fontsize&＃61;25)plt.show()return fig

3D条形图

第一个for循环是对数据进行处理&＃xff0c;这是项目的要求&＃xff0c;本文主要在画图&＃xff0c;可以忽略&＃xff0c;对于三维柱状图的绘制也可参考其他&＃xff0c;这里主要在意如何上色&＃xff0c;和2D一样&＃xff0c;还是有相同的语句“norm&＃61;plt.Normalize(0,100)...”后面的四个语句&＃xff0c;主要是获得colors&＃xff0c;然后在ax.bar3d()中填进去&＃xff0c;四个语句一定要写在Z&＃61;Z.ravel()的后面。

后面还加了colorbar&＃xff0c;唉就都一样的语句&＃xff0c;反正能跑通&＃xff0c;愿意了解更多自行学习

def draw_3Dfig_straight(datalist, title, arg):anewlist &＃61; []s &＃61; 0for i in range(len(datalist)):s &＃61; s &＃43; datalist[i]if i % 6 &＃61;&＃61; 5:anewlist.append(s / 6)s &＃61; 0else:passX &＃61; np.arange(0, len(anewlist), step&＃61;1)Y &＃61; np.arange(0, len(anewlist), step&＃61;1)Z &＃61; np.zeros(shape&＃61;(len(anewlist), len(anewlist)))index &＃61; 0for i in range(len(anewlist)):for j in range(len(anewlist)):if i &＃61;&＃61; len(anewlist) / 2:Z[i, j] &＃61; anewlist[index]index &＃61; index &＃43; 1xx, yy &＃61; np.meshgrid(X, Y)X, Y &＃61; xx.ravel(), yy.ravel()bottom &＃61; np.zeros_like(X)Z &＃61; Z.ravel()norm &＃61; plt.Normalize(0, 100)norm_values &＃61; norm(Z)map_vir &＃61; cm.get_cmap(name&＃61;&＃39;winter_r&＃39;)colors &＃61; map_vir(norm_values)width &＃61; 0.7height &＃61; 0.7fig &＃61; plt.figure()ax &＃61; fig.gca(projection&＃61;&＃39;3d&＃39;)c &＃61; [&＃39;g&＃39;] * len(Z)ax.bar3d(X, Y, bottom, width, height, Z, color&＃61;colors, shade&＃61;True) # , edgecolor&＃61;&＃39;black&＃39;sm &＃61; cm.ScalarMappable(cmap&＃61;map_vir, norm&＃61;norm)sm.set_array([])plt.colorbar(sm)ax.set_xlabel(&＃39;X&＃39;)ax.set_ylabel(&＃39;Y&＃39;)ax.set_zlabel(&＃39;Z(value)&＃39;)plt.show()return fig