markdownElasticsearch：更新现有索引的映射和设置

# Elasticsearch: updating the mappings and settings of an existing index
*Note: This was written using elasticsearch 0.9.*
[Elasticsearch](http://www.elasticsearch.org/) will automatically create an index (with basic settings and mappings) for you if you post a first document:
```bash
$ curl -X POST &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/weapons/1&＃39; -d \
&＃39;{
"_id": 1,
"name": "Longsword",
"description": "The Longsword can be wielded in one or two hands and is also known as a Bastard Sword. It combines power, speed and reach to become one of the most well rounded weapons.",
"category": "Sharp"
}&＃39;
```
You can see the settings (for the index) and mapping (for the `weapons` type) with:
```bash
$ curl -X GET &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/_settings&＃39;
$ curl -X GET &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/weapons/_mapping&＃39;
```
To **update the settings**, if you&＃39;re defining new analyzers or filters, you first need to `_close` the index, then `_open` it when done updating:
```bash
$ curl -X POST &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/_close&＃39;
$ curl -X PUT &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/_settings&＃39; -d \
&＃39;{
"analysis": {
"analyzer": {
"full_name": {
"filter": [
"standard",
"lowercase",
"asciifolding"
],
"type": "custom",
"tokenizer": "standard"
}
}
}
}&＃39;
$ curl -X POST &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/_open&＃39;
```
To **update the mappings** of this existing index, you need to do it for each type (here we only have the `weapons` type):
```bash
$ curl -X PUT &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame/weapons/_mapping?ignore_cOnflicts=true&＃39; -d \
&＃39;{
"weapons": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"analyzer": "full_name"
},
"description": {
"type": "string"
},
"category": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}&＃39;
```
You can do all of this at once if you delete then re-create your index, but you will **loose all stored documents**, so you will have to reload them. But sometimes for big changes to mapping/settings, this makes more sense:
```bash
$ curl -X DELETE &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame&＃39;
$ curl -X POST &＃39;http://localhost:9200/thegame&＃39; -d \
&＃39;{
"mappings": {
"weapons": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"analyzer": "full_name"
},
"description": {
"type": "string"
},
"category": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
},
"settings": {
"analysis": {
"analyzer": {
"full_name": {
"filter": [
"standard",
"lowercase",
"asciifolding"
],
"type": "custom",
"tokenizer": "standard"
}
}
}
}
}&＃39;
```