con·ven·tion

con·ve·ni·ent | conference, convention

early 15c., convencioun, "a formal agreement, covenant, treaty," also "a formal meeting or convention" (of rulers, etc.), also "a private or secret agreement," from Old French convencion "agreement" and directly from Latin conventionem "a meeting, assembly; an agreement," noun of action from past-participle stem of convenire "unite, be suitable, agree, assemble," from assimilated form of com "with, together" + venire "to come" (from PIE root *gwa- "to go, come").

Originally of princes, powers, and potentates [君主]. In diplomacy, of agreements between states, from mid-15c.; of agreements between opposing military commanders from 1780. Meaning "a formal or recognized assembly of persons for a common objective," especially involving legislation or deliberation, is from mid-16c. Conventions were important in U.S. history and the word is attested in colonial writings from 1720s; in reference to political party nomination meetings by 1817 (originally at the state level; national conventions began to be held in the 1830s).

In the social sense, "general agreement on customs, etc., as embodied in accepted standards or usages," it is attested by 1747 (in a bad sense, implying artificial behavior and repression of natural conduct, by 1847). Hence "rule or practice based on general conduct" (1790).

If a group of people convene, or someone convenes them, they come together, especially for a formal meeting.

The Geneva Conventions comprise four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish the standards of international law for humanitarian treatment in war. The singular term Geneva Convention usually denotes the agreements of 1949, negotiated in the aftermath of the Second World War (1939–1945), which updated the terms of the two 1929 treaties, and added two new conventions. The Geneva Conventions extensively defined the basic rights of wartime prisoners (civilians and military personnel), established protections for the wounded and sick, and established protections for the civilians in and around a war-zone. The treaties of 1949 were ratified, in whole or with reservations, by 196 countries. Moreover, the Geneva Convention also defines the rights and protections afforded to non-combatants. The Geneva Conventions are about soldiers in war; they do not address the use of weapons of war, which are the subject of the Hague Conventions [海牙公约], and the bio-chemical warfare Geneva Protocol.

The Swiss businessman Henry Dunant went to visit wounded soldiers after the Battle of Solferino in 1859. He was shocked by the lack of facilities, personnel, and medical aid available to help these soldiers. As a result, he published his book, A Memory of Solferino, in 1862, on the horrors of war. His wartime experiences inspired Dunant to propose:

• A permanent relief agency for humanitarian aid in times of war


• A government treaty recognizing the neutrality of the agency and allowing it to provide aid in a war zone

The former proposal led to the establishment of the Red Cross in Geneva. The latter led to the 1864 Geneva Convention, the first codified international treaty that covered the sick and wounded soldiers on the battlefield. On 22 August 1864, the Swiss government invited the governments of all European countries, as well as the United States, Brazil, and Mexico, to attend an official diplomatic conference. Sixteen countries sent a total of twenty-six delegates to Geneva. On 22 August 1864, the conference adopted the first Geneva Convention "for the Amelioration [ameliorate=improve] of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field".

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent [红新月] Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide, which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) was founded in 1919 and today it coordinates between the 190 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies within the Movement. The International Federation Secretariat is based in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1963, the Federation (then known as the League of Red Cross Societies) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the ICRC [International Committee of the Red Cross].

The Netherlands is a country in northwest Europe which is a member of the EU. The capital is Amsterdam, but the government is based in The Hague [海牙]. Most of the country is flat and large parts of it are below sea level. British and American people often call the country Holland, but this is not officially correct because Holland is only one part of the Netherlands.People from the Netherlands are called Dutch.

Neverland (also spelled Never Land and also known as Never Never Land) is a fictional island featured in the works of J. M. Barrie and those based on them. Inhabitants who live on the mystical island of Neverland may cease to age if they so choose and it's best known resident Peter Pan famously refused to grow up, so it is often used as a metaphor for eternal childhood (and childishness), immortality, and escapism. Tinker Bell [多义词] is a feisty fairy and recurring character from the Disney Junior animated series, Jake and the Never Land Pirates. She is Peter Pan's oldest and dearest companion on Never Land.

Tinker Bell (also nicknamed Tink or Miss Bell) is the tritagonist [第三主角] of Disney's 1953 animated feature film, Peter Pan. She is a sassy fairy, who serves as Peter Pan ’s sidekick. Tink regularly joins Peter on his exploits throughout the magical isle of Neverland.

Tinker Bell is a direct-to-video computer-animated fantasy film series produced by DisneyToon Studios as part of the Disney Fairies franchise. The series is a spin-off of and prequel to Peter Pan. Six feature films and one TV special were produced: Tinker Bell, Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure, Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue, Secret of the Wings, Pixie Hollow Games, The Pirate Fairy, and Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast.

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