使用WinForms实现RabbitMQRPC示例

### 客户端代码示例
在客户端应用中，我们创建了一个简单的WinForm界面，用户可以通过输入框输入消息，并通过按钮触发消息的发送。当客户端接收到服务端的响应时，会在文本框中显示。
```csharp
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
public partial class RPCClientForm : Form
{
private RpcClient rpcClient;

public RPCClientForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
rpcClient = new RpcClient();
}

private void SendButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = MessageTextBox.Text;
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(message))
{
MessageBox.Show("请输入消息内容");
return;
}

string respOnse= rpcClient.Call(message);
ResponseTextBox.AppendText(response + Environment.NewLine);
}
}

public class RpcClient
{
private readonly IConnection connection;
private readonly IModel channel;
private readonly string replyQueueName;
private readonly EventingBasicConsumer consumer;
private readonly IBasicProperties props;
private readonly BlockingCollection resQueue = new BlockingCollection();

public RpcClient()
{
var factory = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost" };
cOnnection= factory.CreateConnection();
channel = connection.CreateModel();
replyQueueName = channel.QueueDeclare().QueueName;
cOnsumer= new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
var correlatiOnId= Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
props.CorrelatiOnId= correlationId;
props.ReplyTo = replyQueueName;

consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
{
var respOnse= Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body.ToArray());
if (ea.BasicProperties.CorrelatiOnId== correlationId)
resQueue.Add(response);
};
}

public string Call(string message)
{
var messageBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "",
routingKey: "rpc_queue",
basicProperties: props,
body: messageBytes);

channel.BasicConsume(consumer: consumer,
queue: replyQueueName,
autoAck: true);

return resQueue.Take();
}

public void Close()
{
connection.Close();
}
}
}
```

### 服务端代码示例
服务端同样是一个WinForm应用程序，它监听特定的队列，一旦接收到消息，就会处理该消息并向客户端发送响应。
```csharp
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;

namespace RpcServerApp
{
public partial class RpcServerForm : Form
{
public RpcServerForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
Task.Run(() => StartListening());
}

private void StartListening()
{
var factory = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost" };
using (var cOnnection= factory.CreateConnection())
using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
channel.QueueDeclare(queue: "rpc_queue",
durable: false,
exclusive: false,
autoDelete: false,
arguments: null);

channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);

var cOnsumer= new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);

consumer.Received += async (model, ea) =>
{
var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
var props = ea.BasicProperties;
var replyProps = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
replyProps.CorrelatiOnId= props.CorrelationId;

var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
await Task.Delay(1000); // 模拟耗时操作
var respOnse= $"已处理消息: {message}";

var respOnseBytes= Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(response);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "",
routingKey: props.ReplyTo,
basicProperties: replyProps,
body: responseBytes);
channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
};

channel.BasicConsume(queue: "rpc_queue",
autoAck: false,
consumer: consumer);
}
}
}
}
```

### 测试与运行
为了测试上述代码，需要在同一Visual Studio解决方案中创建两个独立的WinForms项目，分别代表客户端和服务端。确保两个项目都能正确编译运行。通过设置解决方案的启动项目为多个启动项目，可以同时启动这两个应用程序进行测试。

### 测试结果
启动服务端后，客户端发送的消息会被服务端处理，并且客户端能够接收到服务端返回的响应。此过程展示了如何利用RabbitMQ实现基本的RPC通信模式。


通过上述步骤，我们可以看到客户端和服务端之间的交互过程，以及如何通过RabbitMQ实现RPC模式下的消息传递。