感觉微信开发就是要调用微信的接口，所以在没安排工作的时候看和试着调用微信接口，调用微信接口需要发送http的get和post请求，所以最好先写个httputil类，专门发送get和post请求，然而我的java网络编程学的并不好，于是百度一些代码，然后自己封装一些，可以正常使用就行了，代码如下
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.activation.MimetypesFileTypeMap;
/**
*
* @author luolei
*
*/
public class HttpUtil {
public static String httpGet(String httpUrl){
StringBuffer buffer = null;
try{
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
HttpURLConnection httpUrlCOnn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod("GET");
// 获取输入流
InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
// 读取返回结果
buffer = new StringBuffer();
String str = null;
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
// 释放资源
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
inputStream.close();
httpUrlConn.disconnect();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return buffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* 发 post 请求，
*/
public static String httpPost(String httpUrl,String data){
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(httpUrl);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection cOnn= realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(data);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 上传图片
*
* @param urlStr
* @param textMap
* @param fileMap
* @return
*/
public static String formUpload(String urlStr, Map textMap,
Map fileMap) {
String res = "";
HttpURLConnection cOnn= null;
String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------123821742118716"; //boundary就是request头和上传文件内容的分隔符
try {
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
cOnn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// System.out.println(conn);
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn
.setRequestProperty("User-Agent",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.6)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);
OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
// text
if (textMap != null) {
StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer();
Iterator iter = textMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
String inputName = (String) entry.getKey();
String inputValue = (String) entry.getValue();
if (inputValue == null) {
continue;
}
strBuf.append("\r\n").append("--").append(BOUNDARY).append(
"\r\n");
strBuf.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""
+ inputName + "\"\r\n\r\n");
strBuf.append(inputValue);
}
out.write(strBuf.toString().getBytes());
}
// file
if (fileMap != null) {
Iterator iter = fileMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
String inputName = (String) entry.getKey();
String inputValue = (String) entry.getValue();
if (inputValue == null) {
continue;
}
File file = new File(inputValue);
String filename = file.getName();
String cOntentType= new MimetypesFileTypeMap()
.getContentType(file);
if (filename.endsWith(".png")) {
cOntentType= "image/png";
}
if (cOntentType== null || contentType.equals("")) {
cOntentType= "application/octet-stream";
}
StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer();
strBuf.append("\r\n").append("--").append(BOUNDARY).append(
"\r\n");
strBuf.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""
+ inputName + "\"; filename=\"" + filename
+ "\"\r\n");
strBuf.append("Content-Type:" + contentType + "\r\n\r\n");
out.write(strBuf.toString().getBytes());
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(
new FileInputStream(file));
int bytes = 0;
byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
}
in.close();
}
}
byte[] endData = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes();
out.write(endData);
out.flush();
out.close();
// 读取返回数据
StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
conn.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuf.append(line).append("\n");
}
res = strBuf.toString();
reader.close();
reader = null;
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送POST请求出错。" + urlStr);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (conn != null) {
conn.disconnect();
cOnn= null;
}
}
return res;
}
} 其中的httpGet 和httpPost 用来发送get,和post请求，微信开发里面，消息接口一般是xml格式的，其他的接口上传和返回的数据一般是json，所以需要一个解析json的包，我用的是fastjson，当然也可以用gson
现在开始消息接口的测试，首先要了解请求过程：
微信服务器会根据填写的url发送get请求进行验证，当验证成功，还是根据url发送post请求，消息格式为xml格式
消息类型开发文档上有，主要有文本，图片，语音等消息，还有一些事件，如关注，点击，和跳转。
这些消息和事件是xml格式，所以要对xml格式的消息进行解析，我用的dom4j解析，
在之前验证接入的servlet的doPost方法解析消息，
我是按照柳峰的博客里面写的方法，写了个MessageUtil,里面封装了解析xml的方法，并把解析出来的结果放在map
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