如何模拟“按任意键继续?”-Howtosimulate“Pressanykeytocontinue?”

50  

If you're on Windows, you can use kbhit() which is part of the Microsoft run-time library. If you're on Linux, you can implement kbhit thus (source):

如果您在Windows上，可以使用kbhit()，它是Microsoft运行时库的一部分。如果您在Linux上，那么可以实现kbhit(源代码):

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

int kbhit(void)
{
  struct termios oldt, newt;
  int ch;
  int oldf;

  tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &oldt);
  newt = oldt;
  newt.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newt);
  oldf = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0);
  fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf | O_NONBLOCK);

  ch = getchar();

  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldt);
  fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf);

  if(ch != EOF)
  {
    ungetc(ch, stdin);
    return 1;
  }

  return 0;
}

Update: The above function works on OS X (at least, on OS X 10.5.8 - Leopard, so I would expect it to work on more recent versions of OS X). This gist can be saved as kbhit.c and compiled on both Linux and OS X with

更新:上面的函数在OS X上工作(至少在OS X 10.5.8 - Leopard上，所以我希望它能在最近版本的OS X上运行)。并在Linux和OS X上编译。

gcc -o kbhit kbhit.c

When run with

运行时

./kbhit

It prompts you for a keypress, and exits when you hit a key (not limited to Enter or printable keys).

它提示您输入一个按键，当您点击一个键(不限于输入或可打印的键)时退出。

@Johnsyweb - please elaborate what you mean by "detailed canonical answer" and "all the concerns". Also, re "cross-platform": With this implementation of kbhit() you can have the same functionality in a C++ program on Linux/Unix/OS X/Windows - which other platforms might you be referring to?

@Johnsyweb -请详细说明你所说的“详细规范答案”和“所有关注事项”。另外，re“跨平台”:在kbhit()的实现中，您可以在Linux/Unix/OS X/Windows上的c++程序中拥有相同的功能——您可能指的是其他平台?

Further update for @Johnsyweb: C++ applications do not live in a hermetically sealed C++ environment. A big reason for C++'s success is interoperability with C. All mainstream platforms are implemented with C interfaces (even if internal implementation is using C++) so your talk of "legacy" seems out of place. Plus, as we are talking about a single function, why do you need C++ for this ("C with classes")? As I pointed out, you can write in C++ and access this functionality easily, and your application's users are unlikely to care how you implemented it.

@Johnsyweb的进一步更新:c++应用程序不存在于密封的c++环境中。c++成功的一个重要原因是与C的互操作性。所有主流平台都是用C接口实现的(即使内部实现使用c++)，所以您的“遗留”话题似乎已经过时了。另外，当我们讨论一个函数时，为什么需要c++来实现这个(“C和类”)?正如我指出的那样，您可以在c++中编写并轻松地访问该功能，您的应用程序的用户不太可能关心您是如何实现它的。

48  

On Windows:

在Windows上:

system("pause");

and on Mac and Linux:

在Mac和Linux上:

system("read");

will output "Press any key to continue..." and obviously, wait for any key to be pressed. I hope thats what you meant

将输出“按任意键继续…”，显然，等待任何键被按下。我希望你是这个意思。

7  

There is no completely portable solution.

没有完全可移植的解决方案。

Question 19.1 of the comp.lang.c FAQ covers this in some depth, with solutions for Windows, Unix-like systems, and even MS-DOS and VMS.

问题19.1 .朗。c FAQ在一些深度上涵盖了这个问题，包括Windows、unix系统，甚至MS-DOS和vm的解决方案。

A quick and incomplete summary:

快速而不完整的摘要:

• You can use the curses library; call cbreak() followed by getch() (not to be confused with the Windows-specific getch()function). Note that curses generally takes control of the terminal, so this is likely to be overkill.
• 你可以使用curses库;调用cbreak()后跟getch()(不要与特定于windows的getch()函数混淆)。注意，curses通常控制终端，所以这可能是过量的。
• You might be able to use ioctl() to manipulate the terminal settings.
• 您可以使用ioctl()来操作终端设置。
• On POSIX-compliant systems, tcgetattr() and tcsetattr() may be a better solution.
• 在符合posix的系统中，tcgetattr()和tcsetattr()可能是更好的解决方案。
• On Unix, you can use system() to invoke the stty command.
• 在Unix上，可以使用system()来调用stty命令。
• On MS-DOS, you can use getch() or getche().
• 在MS-DOS上，您可以使用getch()或getche()。
• On VMS (now called OpenVMS), the Screen Management (SMG$) routines might do the trick.
• 在VMS(现在称为OpenVMS)上，屏幕管理(SMG$)例程可能会起作用。

All these C solutions should work equally well in C++; I don't know of any C++-specific solution.

所有这些C解决方案应该在c++中同样有效;我不知道有什么c++特定的解决方案。

6  

To achieve this functionality you could use ncurses library which was implemented both on Windows and Linux (and MacOS as far as I know).

为了实现这个功能，您可以使用ncurses库，它在Windows和Linux上都实现了(据我所知是MacOS)。

4  

I looked into what you are trying to achieve, because I remember I wanted to do the same thing. Inspired by Vinay I wrote something that works for me and I sort of understand. But I am not an expert, so please be careful.

我研究了你想要达到的目标，因为我记得我也想做同样的事情。受Vinay的启发，我写了一些对我有用的东西，我也能理解。但我不是专家，所以请小心。

I don't know how Vinay knows you are using Mac OS X. But it should work kind of like this with most unix-like OS. Really helpful as resource is opengroup.org

我不知道Vinay如何知道你在使用Mac OS x，但它应该是类似于大多数unix操作系统的。真正有用的资源是opengroup.org。

Make sure to flush the buffer before using the function.

在使用该函数之前，请确保刷新缓冲区。

#include 
#include         //termios, TCSANOW, ECHO, ICANON
#include      //STDIN_FILENO


void pressKey()
{
    //the struct termios stores all kinds of flags which can manipulate the I/O Interface
    //I have an old one to save the old settings and a new 
    static struct termios oldt, newt;
    printf("Press key to continue....\n");

    //tcgetattr gets the parameters of the current terminal
    //STDIN_FILENO will tell tcgetattr that it should write the settings
    // of stdin to oldt
    tcgetattr( STDIN_FILENO, &oldt);
    //now the settings will be copied 
    newt = oldt;

    //two of the c_lflag will be turned off
    //ECHO which is responsible for displaying the input of the user in the terminal
    //ICANON is the essential one! Normally this takes care that one line at a time will be processed
    //that means it will return if it sees a "\n" or an EOF or an EOL
    newt.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO );      

    //Those new settings will be set to STDIN
    //TCSANOW tells tcsetattr to change attributes immediately. 
    tcsetattr( STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newt);

    //now the char wil be requested
    getchar();

    //the old settings will be written back to STDIN
    tcsetattr( STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldt);

}


int main(void)
{
  pressKey();
  printf("END\n");
  return 0;
}

O_NONBLOCK seems also to be an important flag, but it didn't change anything for me.

O_NONBLOCK似乎也是一个重要的标志，但它并没有改变我的任何东西。

I appreciate if people with some deeper knowledge would comment on this and give some advice.

如果有更深入的知识的人对此发表评论并给出一些建议，我将不胜感激。

4  

You could use the Microsoft-specific function _getch:

你可以使用microsoftspecific function _getch:

#include 
#include 
// ...
// ...
// ...
cout <<"Press any key to continue..." <