作者:钟罄石 | 来源:互联网 | 2023-07-23 20:15
RabbitMQ安装教程
RabbitMQ是流行的开源消息队列系统,用erlang语言开发。RabbitMQ是AMQP(高级消息队列协议)的标准实现。
第一步:安装Erlang环境
下载地址:http://www.erlang.org/download
otp_win64_19.1.exe
下载exe执行文件直接安装,设置环境变量。
第二步:安装RabbitMQ
下载地址:http://www.rabbitmq.com/
rabbitmq-server-3.6.8.exe
下载exe执行文件直接安装即可。
执行命令:rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
开启网页支持 http://localhost:15672 默认用户:guest/guest
执行命令:rabbitmq-server start 开启服务
第三步:Myeclipse开发RabbitMQ实例—Topic Exchange模式
所需jar包在www.rabbitmq.com上下载的rabbitmq-java-client-bin-3.6.4
RabbitMQ提供了四种Exchange模式:fanout,direct,topic,header 。 本文使用topic作为示例。
所有发送到Topic Exchange的消息被转发到所有关心RouteKey中指定Topic的Queue上,Exchange 将RouteKey 和某Topic 进行模糊匹配。此时队列需要绑定一个Topic。可以使用通配符进行模糊匹配,符号“#”匹配一个或多个词,符号“”匹配不多不少一个词。因此“key.#”能够匹配到“key.1.2”,但是“key.” 只会匹配到“key.1”。所以,Topic Exchange 使用非常灵活。
生产者:
package com;import com.rabbitmq.client.*;public class Sender {private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception{ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");Connection connection =factory.newConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic"); String message = "Hello World!"; channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1.2", null, message.getBytes()); System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'"); channel.close(); connection.close();}
}
消费者1:
package com;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;public class RecvTest1 {private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work1"; private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic"; public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception { System.out.println(" recive 1 start.");ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");Connection connection = factory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.*"); channel.basicQos(1); QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel); channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer); while (true) { QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery(); String message = new String(delivery.getBody()); System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'"); Thread.sleep(10); channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false); } }
}
消费者2:
package comm;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;public class RecvTest2 {private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work2"; private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic"; public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception { System.out.println(" recive 2 start.");ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");Connection connection = factory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.#"); channel.basicQos(1); QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel); channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer); while (true) { QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery(); String message = new String(delivery.getBody()); System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'"); Thread.sleep(10); channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false); } }
}
注:要引入rabbitmq-client.jar的包
代码结构如下:
先启动生产者进程产生消息,再启动消费者进程,可在网页上看到路由test_exchange_topic,有两个待消费的队列test_queue_topic_work1,test_queue_topic_work2
此时先自动生产者在启动两个消费者:可以看到消费者1接收不到消息,消费者2可以接收到消息。当把生产者的key.1.2改为key.1时可以发现两个消费者都能接收到消息。
至此,RabbitMQ消息队列安装及在Myeclipse下的开发完成,相比UNIX的IPC的单机局限性,RabbitMQ的接口简单及在分布式上应用很大。