Python如何使用vars返回对象的属性列表

#不带参数功能和locals函数一样
>>> v1 = vars()
>>> l1 = locals()
>>> v1
{"__name__": "__main__", "__builtins__": , "v1": {...}, "l1": {...}, "__spec__": None, "__doc__": None, "__package__": None, "__loader__": }
>>> l1
{"__name__": "__main__", "__builtins__": , "v1": {...}, "l1": {...}, "__spec__": None, "__doc__": None, "__package__": None, "__loader__": }

#作用于模块
>>> import time
>>> vars(time)
{"gmtime": , "tzname": ("Öйú±ê׼ʱ¼ä", "ÖйúÏÄÁîʱ"), "timezone": -28800, "struct_time": , "ctime": , "perf_counter": , "mktime": , "localtime": , "time": , "__package__": "", "altzone": -32400, "clock": , "strptime": , "monotonic": , "__loader__": , "get_clock_info": , "sleep": , "process_time": , "__name__": "time", "_STRUCT_TM_ITEMS": 9, "__spec__": ModuleSpec(name="time", loader=, origin="built-in"), "__doc__": "This module provides various functions to manipulate time values.

There are two standard representations of time. One is the number
of seconds since the Epoch, in UTC (a.k.a. GMT). It may be an integer
or a floating point number (to represent fractions of seconds).
The Epoch is system-defined; on Unix, it is generally January 1st, 1970.
The actual value can be retrieved by calling gmtime(0).

The other representation is a tuple of 9 integers giving local time.
The tuple items are:
 year (including century, e.g. 1998)
 month (1-12)
 day (1-31)
 hours (0-23)
 minutes (0-59)
 seconds (0-59)
 weekday (0-6, Monday is 0)
 Julian day (day in the year, 1-366)
 DST (Daylight Savings Time) flag (-1, 0 or 1)
If the DST flag is 0, the time is given in the regular time zone;
if it is 1, the time is given in the DST time zone;
if it is -1, mktime() should guess based on the date and time.

Variables:

timezone -- difference in seconds between UTC and local standard time
altzone -- difference in seconds between UTC and local DST time
daylight -- whether local time should reflect DST
tzname -- tuple of (standard time zone name, DST time zone name)

Functions:

time() -- return current time in seconds since the Epoch as a float
clock() -- return CPU time since process start as a float
sleep() -- delay for a number of seconds given as a float
gmtime() -- convert seconds since Epoch to UTC tuple
localtime() -- convert seconds since Epoch to local time tuple
asctime() -- convert time tuple to string
ctime() -- convert time in seconds to string
mktime() -- convert local time tuple to seconds since Epoch
strftime() -- convert time tuple to string according to format specification
strptime() -- parse string to time tuple according to format specification
tzset() -- change the local timezone", "strftime": , "asctime": , "daylight": 0}

#作用于类
>>> vars(slice)
mappingproxy({"__ne__": , "__getattribute__": , "__reduce__": , "start": , "indices": , "__ge__": , "stop": , "__eq__": , "step": , "__hash__": None, "__doc__": "slice(stop)
slice(start, stop[, step])

Create a slice object. This is used for extended slicing (e.g. a[0:10:2]).", "__repr__": , "__le__": , "__gt__": , "__new__": , "__lt__": })

#作用于类实例
>>> class A(object):
  pass

>>> a.__dict__
{}
>>> vars(a)
{}
>>> a.name = "Kim"
>>> a.__dict__
{"name": "Kim"}
>>> vars(a)
{"name": "Kim"}