Linux获取文件属性stat()、fstat()、lstat()函数实例学习

           4、执行失败时候&＃xff0c;error被自动设置为下面的值&＃xff1a;

              EBADF&＃xff1a; 文件描述词无效

              EFAULT&＃xff1a; 地址空间不可访问

              ELOOP&＃xff1a; 遍历路径时遇到太多的符号连接

              ENAMETOOLONG&＃xff1a;文件路径名太长

              ENOENT&＃xff1a;路径名的部分组件不存在&＃xff0c;或路径名是空字串

              ENOMEM&＃xff1a;内存不足

              ENOTDIR&＃xff1a;路径名的部分组件不是目录

            5、特别说明&＃xff1a;

            (1) stat() 和 lstat() 都是通过文件路径和文件名访问到文件&＃xff0c;然后把文件属性放到 struct stat                   *buf中&＃xff1b;而 fstat() 是通过文件描述符得到文件的属性。

            (2) 文件本身没有什么权限限制&＃xff0c;但是文件的上层目录必须有访问权限才能获取到文件的属性。

            (3) 当文件是符号链接时&＃xff0c;lstat() 返回的是该符号链接本身的信息&＃xff1b;而 stat() 返回的是该该符号链                 接指向的文件的信息。

/* file stat example */ #include
#include
#include
#include #include
#include int main(int argc, char **argv){ struct stat st; if(argc !&＃61; 2){ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s \n", argv[0]); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if(stat(argv[1], &st) &＃61;&＃61; -1){ perror("stat"); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } printf("File type: "); switch(st.st_mode & S_IFMT){ case S_IFBLK: printf("block device\n"); break; case S_IFCHR: printf("character device\n"); break; case S_IFDIR: printf("directory\n"); break; case S_IFIFO: printf("FIFO/pipe\n"); break; case S_IFLNK: printf("symlink\n"); break; case S_IFREG: printf("regular file\n"); break; case S_IFSOCK: printf("socket\n"); break; default: printf("unknown?\n"); break; } printf("I-node number: %ld\n", (long) st.st_ino); printf("Mode: %lo (octal)\n", (unsigned long) st.st_mode); printf("Link count: %ld\n", (long) st.st_nlink); printf("Ownership: UID&＃61;%ld GID&＃61;%ld\n", (long) st.st_uid, (long) st.st_gid); printf("device containing file id:%ld \n", (long) st.st_dev); printf("device id: %ld \n", (long) st.st_rdev); printf("File size: %lld bytes\n", (long long) st.st_size); printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\n", (long) st.st_blksize); printf("Blocks allocated: %lld\n", (long long) st.st_blocks); printf("Last status change: %s", ctime(&st.st_ctime)); printf("Last file access: %s", ctime(&st.st_atime)); printf("Last file modification: %s", ctime(&st.st_mtime)); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
五、运行测试效果