作者：萧俊瑄俊明纬伦 | 来源：互联网 | 2023-09-13 18:44
KeepalivedNginx实现Keepalived简要介绍Keepalived是一种高性能的服务器高可用或热备解决方案，Keepalived可以用来防止服务器
Keepalived+Nginx实现
Keepalived简要介绍
Keepalived 是一种高性能的服务器高可用或热备解决方案，Keepalived可以用来防止服务器单点故
障的发生，通过配合 Nginx可以实现 web前端服务的高可用。
Keepalived 以 VRRP 协议为实现基础，用 VRRP 协议来实现高可用性(HA)。VRRP(Virtual Router
Redundancy Protocol)协议是用于实现路由器冗余的协议，VRRP协议将两台或多台路由器设备虚拟成一个
设备，对外提供虚拟路由器 IP(一个或多个)，而在路由器组内部，如果实际拥有这个对外 IP 的路由器如
果工作正常的话就是 MASTER，或者是通过算法选举产生，MASTER实现针对虚拟路由器 IP的各种网络功能，
如 ARP请求，ICMP，以及数据的转发等；其他设备不拥有该虚拟 IP，状态是 BACKUP，除了接收 MASTER的
VRRP状态通告信息外，不执行对外的网络功能。当主机失效时，BACKUP将接管原先 MASTER的网络功能。
VRRP协议使用多播数据来传输 VRRP数据，VRRP数据使用特殊的虚拟源 MAC地址发送数据而不是自身
网卡的 MAC地址，VRRP 运行时只有 MASTER 路由器定时发送 VRRP 通告信息，表示 MASTER 工作正常以及虚
拟路由器 IP(组)，BACKUP 只接收 VRRP 数据，不发送数据，如果一定时间内没有接收到 MASTER 的通告信
息，各 BACKUP将宣告自己成为 MASTER，发送通告信息，重新进行 MASTER选举状态。
开始搭建：
节点： 安装
Cluster1 192.168.152.11 Keepalived Nginx CentOs6.8
Cluster1 192.168.152.12Keepalived Nginx CentOs6.8
下载 Keepalived v1.2.18 和Nginx 1.10.2
点击这里下载Keepalived 点击这里下载Nginx
首先 安装需要的环境
- yum install gcc gcc-c++ make automake autoconf libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel
- openssl openssl-devel
执行 下载
编译 Nginx
所需的依赖包 上传到Linux Nginxtar包
- tar -zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
- cd nginx-1.10.2
- ./configure --prefix=/soft/install/nginx
- make && make install
执行上面代码 进行编译
成功以后 开始配置Nginx
- vim /soft/install/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user root;
将用户改为 root
修改html下的index.html页面
Cluster2 机器同理
- 启动 Nginx
- /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
- 重启 Nginx
- /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
访问
Nginx安装成功
安装Keepalived
上传并编译
- tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
- cd keepalived-1.2.18
- ./configure --prefix=/soft/install/keepalived
- make && make install
将 keepalived安装成 Linux系统服务：
因为没有使用 keepalived的默认路径安装（默认是/usr/local）,安装完成之后，需要做一些工作
复制默认配置文件到默认路径
- mkdir /etc/keepalived
- cp /soft/install/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
复制 keepalived服务脚本到默认的地址
- cp /soft/install/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
- cp /soft/install/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
- ln -s /soft/install/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
- ln -s /soft/install/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
设置 keepalived服务开机启动
修改 Keepalived （Master）192.168.152.11配置文件
- vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
内容为：
- ! Configuration File for keepalived
-
- global_defs {
- router_id cluster1
- }
-
- vrrp_script chk_nginx {
- script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
- interval 60
- weight -20
- }
-
- vrrp_instance VI_1 {
- state MASTER
- interface eth0
- virtual_router_id 51
- mcast_src_ip 192.168.152.11
- priority 100
- nopreempt
- advert_int 1
- authentication {
- auth_type PASS
- auth_pass 1111
- }
- track_script {
- chk_nginx
- }
- virtual_ipaddress {
- 192.168.152.66
- }
- }
- vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
配置BACKUP (192.168.152.12)
- ! Configuration File for keepalived
-
- global_defs {
- router_id cluster2
- }
-
- vrrp_script chk_nginx {
- script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
- interval 2
- weight -20
- }
-
- vrrp_instance VI_1 {
- state BACKUP
- interface eth0
- virtual_router_id 51
- mcast_src_ip 192.168.152.12
- priority 90
- nopreempt
- advert_int 1
- authentication {
- auth_type PASS
- auth_pass 1111
- }
- track_script {
- chk_nginx
- }
- virtual_ipaddress {
- 192.168.152.66
- }
- }
编辑检查脚本
/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
- #!/bin/bash
-
- cd /soft/data/
- failcount=0
- runlog=nginx_runlog.txt
-
- for((i=1;i<=6;i++));
- do
- result=`curl http://127.0.0.1/isok.html`
-
- time=`date +%F\ %k:%M:%S`
- error=false
- if [ "$result" != "ok" ] ; then
- echo "=================$time====================" >> $runlog
- failcount=`expr $failcount + 1`
- echo "nginx doesn&＃39;t work!" >> $runlog
- echo " ================================" >> $runlog
- else
- break
- fi
-
- if test $failcount -gt 5 ; then
- echo "\n==================$time=====================\n\n" >> $runlog
- echo "restart nignx..." >> $runlog
- echo " ================================" >> $runlog
-
- #关闭
- /soft/install/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
-
- if [ -s /soft/install/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ] ; then
- pid=`cat /soft/install/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
- kill -quit $pid
- fi
-
- #启动
- /soft/install/nginx/sbin/nginx
-
- sleep 10
-
- result=`curl http://127.0.0.1/isok.html`
-
- if [ "$result" != "ok" ] ; then
- killall keepalived
- fi
- fi
- done
添加isok.html
- vim /soft/install/nginx/html/isok.html
- ok
给脚本权限
- chmod +x /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh
启动 Keepalived
- service keepalived start
- Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
Keepalived服务管理命令：
停止：service keepalived stop
启动：service keepalived start
重启：service keepalived restart
查看状态：service keepalived status
Ok 配置已经结束了 随便检测
到此结束。。。Keepalived + Nginx双机热备就OK了
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