解析器错误:XML声明只允许在文档的开头-parsererror:XMLdeclarationallowedonlyatthestartofthedocument

4  

The second line

第二行

needs to be removed. Only 1 xml declaration is a allowed in any file and it must be the first line.

需要被删除。任何文件中只允许有1个xml声明，并且必须是第一行。

Strictly speaking, you also need to have a single root element (though i've seen lenient parsers). Just wrap the contents with a pseudo tag, such that your file would look like:

严格地说，您还需要一个单独的根元素(尽管我看到过一些比较宽容的解析器)。只需用伪标记将内容包装起来，使您的文件看起来如下:

Solution for (very) large files:

(非常)大的文件的解决方案:

Use sed to eliminate offending xml declarations and printf to add a single xml declaration plus a unique root element. A sequence of bash commands follows:

使用sed消除违规的xml声明，并使用printf添加一个xml声明和一个惟一的根元素。bash命令序列如下:

  printf "\n\n" >out.xml
  sed '/<\?xml /d' in.xml >>out.xml
  printf "\n\n" >>out.xml

in.xml denotes your original file,out.xml the purged result.

在。xml表示原始文件out。xml清除的结果。

printf prints a single xml declaration and the opening/closing tags. sed is a tool to edit a file line by line performing actions contingent on regex pattern matches. The pattern to match is the start of the xml declaration (<\? xml), the action to perform is to delete that line.

printf打印一个xml声明和打开/关闭标记。sed是一种工具，可以根据regex模式匹配逐行编辑执行操作的文件。要匹配的模式是xml声明的开始(<\?执行的操作是删除这一行。

Notes:

注:

• the backslashes in the commands escape symbols with special semantics at the position where they occur.
• 命令中的反斜杠以特殊语义在它们发生的位置转义符号。
• sed is available for windows/macos too.
• sed也适用于windows/macos。

Alternate solution

Another option is to split the file into individual well-formed files (taken from this SO answer:

另一种选择是将文件分割成单独的格式良好的文件(从这个SO中获取答案:

csplit -z -f 'temp' -b 'out%03d.xml' in.xml '/<\?xml /' {*}

which produces files named out000.xml, out001.xml, ... You should know at least the magnitude of the number of individual files that have been processed into your input file to be safe with the autonumbering ( though you could of course take the byte number of the input file as the magnitude, using -b 'out%09d.xml' in the above command).

生成名为out000的文件。xml,out001。xml,…您应该至少知道被处理到您的输入文件中的单个文件的数量，以便在自动编号时安全(当然，您可以使用-b 'out%09d将输入文件的字节数作为大小。以上命令中的xml)。

1  

This is not valid XML. You will need to use string functions to split it - or to be more exact to read it part by part.

这不是有效的XML。您将需要使用字符串函数来分割它——或者更准确地逐部分读取它。

$xmlDeclaration = '';

$file = new SplFileObject($filename, 'r');
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY);
$buffer = '';
foreach ($file as $line) {
  if (FALSE === strpos($line, $xmlDeclaration)) {
    $buffer .= $line; 
  } else {
    outputBuffer($buffer);
    $buffer = $line;
  }
}
outputBuffer($buffer);

function outputBuffer($buffer) {
  if (!empty($buffer)) {
    $dom = new DOMDocument();
    $dom->loadXml($buffer);
    $xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
    echo $xpath->evaluate('string(//element1)'), "\n";
  }
}

Output:

输出:

Stefan
Damon