作者:etqq | 来源:互联网 | 2023-06-09 18:57
1.HttpClient 简介
(百度文库)HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。本文首先介绍 HTTPClient,然后根据作者实际工作经验给出了一些常见问题的解决方法。
HttpClient下载地址:
http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi
我们选择:HttpClient 4.2.5 (GA)(4.2.5.zip)(下载binary就可以了,不用source)
2.使用方式:
下载完成后解压zip包,在\httpcomponents-client-4.2.5-bin\httpcomponents-client-4.2.5\lib下可以看到所有的包都在里面了,我们接下来的例子中使用其中3个包,分别是:
httpcore-4.2.4.jar
httpclient-4.2.5.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
将这3个jar包添加到项目中,然后简单封装HttpClient类如下:
package com.test;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.*;
public class HT {
HttpClient httpclient=new DefaultHttpClient();
/**
* 发送 post请求访问本地应用并根据传递参数不同返回不同结果
*/
public String post(String url,String respEncoding) {
return post(url,"UTF-8",respEncoding,new ArrayList());
}
/**
* 发送 post请求访问本地应用并根据传递参数不同返回不同结果
*/
public String post(String url,String reqEncoding,String respEncoding,List param) {
String resStr = "";
// 创建httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(
url);
// 创建参数队列
List formparams = param;
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, reqEncoding);
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
HttpResponse response;
respOnse= httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
resStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity,respEncoding);
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
// httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return resStr;
}
/**
* 发送 get请求
*/
public String get(String url) {
//httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String resStr = "";
try {
// 创建httpget.
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
// 执行get请求.
HttpResponse respOnse= httpclient.execute(httpget);
// 获取响应实体
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
// 打印响应状态
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
// 打印响应内容长度
// System.out.println("Response content length: "
// + entity.getContentLength());
// 打印响应内容
// System.out.println("Response content: "
// + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
resStr=EntityUtils.toString(entity);
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭连接,释放资源
//httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return resStr;
}
调用:
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: Administrator
* Date: 13-7-25
* Time: 下午4:05
* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
*/
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HT ht = new HT();//构造参数
List list =new ArrayList();
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("li", "house"));//登录参数
System.out.println(ht.post("http://localhost:2375/Default.aspx", "UTF-8", "UTF-8", list));//先post登录也卖弄
System.out.println(ht.get("http://localhost:2375/WebForm1.aspx"));//此页面是需要登录才能访问的页面
}
}
注意点:NameValuePair和BasicNameValuePair都是httpclient包里的,自动生成时可能给你添加jdk中的,需要手动改一下。
3.最后
1.HttpClient支持SSL连接,代码请另百度
2.//httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();被屏蔽掉和HttpClient httpclient=new DefaultHttpClient();定义为全局变量的原因就是这样才能保证第一次post登录之后,第二次访问页面不会提示未登录,通俗的讲只要HttpClient的实例没有重新赋值,它会自动保存COOKIE,下次访问将自动附带上。