7.1spring动态AOP

spring 动态 AOP

AOP&＃xff08;Aspect Oriented Programming&＃xff09; 即面向切面编程 &＃xff0c;不同于
OOP&＃xff08;Object Oriented Programming&＃xff09; 面向对象编程&＃xff0c;AOP关注的方向是横向的&＃xff0c;而OOP关注的方向是纵向的&＃xff0c;spring AOP是spring关键组件之一&＃xff0c;它是AOP概念的具体实现方案&＃xff0c;是对spring IOC 的补充&＃xff0c;但是spring IOC不依赖spring AOP。

spring AOP 使用场景

• Authentication 权限
• Caching 缓存
• Context passing 内容传递
• Error handling 错误处理
• Lazy loading 懒加载
• Debugging 调试
• logging, tracing, profiling and monitoring　记录跟踪　优化　校准
• Performance optimization　性能优化
• Persistence　　持久化
• Resource pooling　资源池
• Synchronization　同步
• Transactions 事务

AOP 术语

• Join point&＃xff08;连接点&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;具体拦截的对象&＃xff0c;一般是指具体的某个方法
• Pointcut &＃xff08;切点&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;可以理解成连接点的集合&＃xff0c;比方A类的test方法和B类的test方法&＃xff0c;一般通过正则规则匹配
• Advice&＃xff08;通知&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;指aop对连接点采取的动作类型&＃xff0c;分为前置通知&＃xff08;before advice&＃xff09;、后置通知&＃xff08;after advice&＃xff09;、环绕通知&＃xff08;around advice&＃xff09;、事后返回通知&＃xff08;afterReturning advice&＃xff09;和异常通知&＃xff08;afterThrowing advice&＃xff09;
• Target object&＃xff08;目标对象&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;即被代理的对象
• Introduction&＃xff08;引入&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;是指新引入的类和其方法&＃xff0c;增强现有bean的功能
• Weaving &＃xff08;织入&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;是指通过动态代理技术&＃xff0c;为原有对象生成代理对象&＃xff0c;然后拦截定义的切点&＃xff0c;并且执行各类通知的过程
• Aspect &＃xff08;切面&＃xff09;&＃xff1a;是一个可以定义切点、各类通知和引入的内容&＃xff0c;即对以上内容的具体实现

spring AOP 使用示例

① 引入spring-aop 和 spring-aspects依赖


org.springframeworkspring-aop5.0.0.RELEASEorg.springframeworkspring-aspects5.0.0.RELEASE


② 定义需要拦截的bean

package com.springtest.model;public class AopTestBean {public void printStr(String str) {if (str &＃61;&＃61; null) {throw new RuntimeException("str 为空&＃xff01;");}System.out.println("com.springtest.model.AopTestBean 输出: " &＃43; str);}
}


③ 定义切面&＃xff08;其中包括切点&＃xff0c;通知等&＃xff09;

package com.springtest.aop;import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;&＃64;Aspect
public class AspectJTest {//切点&＃64;Pointcut("execution(* *.printStr(..))")public void printStr() {}//前置通知&＃64;Before("printStr()")public void beforePrintStr() {System.out.println("beforePrintStr");}//后置通知&＃64;After("printStr()")public void afterPrintStr() {System.out.println("afterPrintStr");}//环绕通知&＃64;Around("printStr()")public Object aroundPrintStr(ProceedingJoinPoint p) throws Throwable {System.out.println("aroundPrintStr start");Object o &＃61; p.proceed();System.out.println("aroundPrintStr end");return o;}//返回通知&＃64;AfterReturning("printStr()")public void afterReturningPrintStr() {System.out.println("afterReturningPrintStr");}//异常通知&＃64;AfterThrowing("printStr()")public void afterThrowingPrintStr() {System.out.println("afterThrowingPrintStr");}
}

④ 在配置文件中启用aop&＃xff0c;以及在容器中初始化测试bean和切面
aop-test.xml

⑤ 编写测试类

import com.springtest.model.AopTestBean;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class SpringXmlContextTest {&＃64;Testpublic void aopTest() {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext &＃61; new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("aop-test.xml");AopTestBean aopTestBean &＃61; (AopTestBean) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("aopTestBean");aopTestBean.printStr("天气晴朗");System.out.println("----------------------------------------------");aopTestBean.printStr(null);}}

测试结果如下&＃xff1a;

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\bin\java.exe" -agentlib:jdwp&＃61;transport&＃61;dt_socket,address&＃61;127.0.0.1:6431,suspend&＃61;y,server&＃61;n -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size&＃61;1048576 -javaagent:C:\Users\Administrator\.IntelliJIdea2019.1\system\captureAgent\debugger-agent.jar -Dfile.encoding&＃61;UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.1\lib\idea_rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.1\plugins\junit\lib\junit-rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.1\plugins\junit\lib\junit5-rt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_121\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\workspace\spring-test-ws\beaninit\target\test-classes;D:\workspace\spring-test-ws\beaninit\target\classes;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-core-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-jcl\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-jcl-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-context-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-beans-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-expression-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-aop-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aspects\5.0.0.RELEASE\spring-aspects-5.0.0.RELEASE.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\aspectj\aspectjweaver\1.8.11\aspectjweaver-1.8.11.jar;D:\m2\repository\junit\junit\4.12\junit-4.12.jar;D:\m2\repository\org\hamcrest\hamcrest-core\1.3\hamcrest-core-1.3.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter -ideVersion5 -junit4 SpringXmlContextTest,aopTest
Connected to the target VM, address: &＃39;127.0.0.1:6431&＃39;, transport: &＃39;socket&＃39;
五月 05, 2021 5:12:11 下午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext&＃64;6dde5c8c: startup date [Wed May 05 17:12:11 CST 2021]; root of context hierarchy
五月 05, 2021 5:12:11 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [aop-test.xml]
aroundPrintStr start
beforePrintStr
com.springtest.model.AopTestBean 输出: 天气晴朗
aroundPrintStr end
afterPrintStr
afterReturningPrintStr
----------------------------------------------
aroundPrintStr start
beforePrintStr
afterPrintStr
afterThrowingPrintStrjava.lang.RuntimeException: str 为空&＃xff01;at com.springtest.model.AopTestBean.printStr(AopTestBean.java:7)at com.springtest.model.AopTestBean$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$13686d5d.invoke()at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:747)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:52)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:89)at com.springtest.aop.AspectJTest.aroundPrintStr(AspectJTest.java:26)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:643)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:632)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:70)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterAdvice.java:47)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.invoke(AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.java:52)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:62)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:689)at com.springtest.model.AopTestBean$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6b2897da.printStr()at SpringXmlContextTest.aopTest(SpringXmlContextTest.java:29)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)Disconnected from the target VM, address: &＃39;127.0.0.1:6431&＃39;, transport: &＃39;socket&＃39;Process finished with exit code -1

官方文档&＃xff1a;
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#aop