绪论

硬件工具&＃xff1a;STC89C52RC芯片、51单片机开发板、ESP8266通信模块、TTL转USB、各类传感器

软件工具&＃xff1a;Keil开发环境&＃xff0c;STC-ISP烧录工具&＃xff0c;IDEA专业版&＃xff0c;Postman&＃xff0c;WebStorm&＃xff0c;vx小程序开发工具&＃xff0c;sscom串口助手&＃xff0c;Socket-Tools&＃xff0c;Tomcat8&＃xff0c;JDK1.8&＃xff0c;Navicat&＃xff0c;Android Studio

开发环境&＃xff1a;Java8、SpringBoot&＃43;MyBatis、MySQL、C51、阿里云、Javascript、JQuery、Ajax、Windows操作系统、Chrome浏览器&＃xff0c;Android操作系统

开发描述&＃xff1a;基于ESP8266通信模块&＃xff0c;通过51单片机采集环境传感数据并实现自动控制&＃xff0c;通过AT指令将采集数据打包json格式发送目标服务器&＃xff0c;云端部署jar包并建立数据库&＃xff0c;将接收的数据解析并保存到设备数据表中&＃xff0c;基于Ajax与Restful接口实现前后端分离&＃xff0c;实现用户登录注册、设备管理、数据查询功能&＃xff0c;并支持在Android和vx小程序上访问设备信息。

项目整体框架

一、硬件开发

        本案例通过检测MQ-5可燃气体传感器、DHT数字温湿度传感器、火焰传感器这三个传感器感知的环境数据&＃xff0c;进而通过逻辑判断通过I/O口输出到继电器、蜂鸣器和LED报警灯。通过ESP8266-01s模块通过WIFI接入云服务器&＃xff0c;将采集的数据实时发送到指定端口&＃xff0c;且51单片机根据传感器采集的各种火灾安全参数进行判断&＃xff0c;如果出现异常情况则单片机启动接入的控制元器件进行自动控制&＃xff0c;控制报警灯、蜂鸣器和风扇进行工作&＃xff0c;硬件整体框架如下

ESP8266调试

         我们使用sscom调试助手进行调试。首先需要一个TTL转USB工具插上ESP8266模块连接PCcom口&＃xff0c;打开调试助手检测到设备&＃xff0c;然后可以向8266发送指令&＃xff0c;指令集如下&＃xff1a;

AT&＃43;RST &＃xff1a;初始化
AT&＃43;CWMODE&＃61;3 &＃xff1a;设置兼容模式&＃xff0c;可以访问其他WiFi
AT&＃43;UART&＃61;<波特率>,8,1,0,0 &＃xff1a;设置波特率
AT&＃43;CWJAP&＃61;"","" &＃xff1a;设置连接的WiFi名称和密码
AT&＃43;CIPSTART&＃61;"TCP","",<端口号>
AT&＃43;CIPSEND&＃61;5 : 用于测试字符长度
<下面输入要发送的字符串>

C51单片机程序开发

        使用Keil编写&＃xff0c;打开工具&＃xff0c;引入STC系列的MCU

//引入库与宏定义
#include
#include
#include
#include #define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned inttypedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned int u16;
unsigned char strlen(unsigned char *str);
unsigned char flag;sbit Data&＃61;P0^6;
sbit Gas_DOUT &＃61; P0^4;
sbit Fire_DOUT &＃61; P0^3;
sbit beep&＃61;P0^2;
sbit LED &＃61; P0^1;
sbit relay &＃61; P0^5;bit uart_busy &＃61; 0;
uchar temp_dat[9];
uchar tempture[2];
uchar string_data1[80];
uchar string_data2[10];
char gas;
char fire;
//设置发送数据
uchar string_send[12];
uint i;
uint count;
void relay_fun();
uchar len_a;
uchar len_b;
uchar len_c;
uchar len_sum;void LED_Alarm()
{u8 i;for(i&＃61;10;i>0;i--){LED&＃61;0;beep&＃61;0;delay_u16(10);LED&＃61;1;beep&＃61;1;delay_u16(10);}
}
//设置频率
void delay_u16(u16 i)
{while(i--);
}
//控制继电器风扇函数
void relay_fun(){relay &＃61; ~relay;LED_Alarm();relay &＃61; ~relay;
}void beep_led_alarm(){beep &＃61; 0; for(i&＃61;0;i<5000;i&＃43;&＃43;){beep&＃61;~beep;delay_u16(100);}
}void DHT11_delay_us(uchar n)
{while(--n);
}void DHT11_delay_ms(uint z)
{uint i,j;for(i&＃61;z;i>0;i--)for(j&＃61;110;j>0;j--);
}void DHT11_start()
{Data&＃61;1;DHT11_delay_us(2);Data&＃61;0;DHT11_delay_ms(20); Data&＃61;1;DHT11_delay_us(30);
}uchar DHT11_rec_byte()
{uchar i,dat&＃61;0;for(i&＃61;0;i<8;i&＃43;&＃43;) { while(!Data); DHT11_delay_us(8); dat<<&＃61;1; if(Data&＃61;&＃61;1) dat&＃43;&＃61;1;while(Data); } return dat;
}
//DHT11AD转换函数
void DHT11_receive()
{uchar R_H,R_L,T_H,T_L,RH,RL,TH,TL,revise; DHT11_start();if(Data&＃61;&＃61;0){while(Data&＃61;&＃61;0); DHT11_delay_us(40); R_H&＃61;DHT11_rec_byte(); R_L&＃61;DHT11_rec_byte(); T_H&＃61;DHT11_rec_byte(); T_L&＃61;DHT11_rec_byte(); revise&＃61;DHT11_rec_byte(); DHT11_delay_us(25); if((R_H&＃43;R_L&＃43;T_H&＃43;T_L)&＃61;&＃61;revise) {RH&＃61;R_H;RL&＃61;R_L;TH&＃61;T_H;TL&＃61;T_L;} if(TH > 24){LED_Alarm();LED &＃61; 0;beep&＃61;0;}temp_dat[0]&＃61;&＃39;0&＃39;&＃43;(TH/10);temp_dat[1]&＃61;&＃39;0&＃39;&＃43;(TH%10);}
}void delay5ms(){unsigned char a,b;for(b&＃61;201;b>0;b--)for(a&＃61;247;a>0;a--);
}void Init_uart(void) { TMOD &＃61; TMOD | 0x20; SCON &＃61; SCON | 0x50; TH1 &＃61; 0xFd; TL1 &＃61; TH1; TR1 &＃61; 1; EA &＃61;1; ES &＃61;1;
}void Uart_SendByteData(unsigned char msg){while(uart_busy); SBUF&＃61;msg; uart_busy &＃61; 1;
}void Uart_SendStrData(unsigned char *msg){while(*msg){Uart_SendByteData(*msg&＃43;&＃43;);}
}//取字符串长度
unsigned char strlen(unsigned char *str)
{unsigned char len&＃61;0;while(1){ if(*str&＃61;&＃61;&＃39;\0&＃39;)break;//拷贝完成了.len&＃43;&＃43;;str&＃43;&＃43;;}return len;
}void main(){count &＃61; 0;beep&＃61;1;LED&＃61;1;Init_uart();len_a&＃61;0;len_b&＃61;0;len_sum&＃61;0;while(1){count&＃43;&＃43;;DHT11_receive();delay5ms();delay5ms();for(i&＃61;0;i<2;i&＃43;&＃43;){tempture[i]&＃61;temp_dat[i];}if(Gas_DOUT &＃61;&＃61; 0){gas&＃61;&＃39;1&＃39;;LED_Alarm();LED &＃61; 0;beep&＃61;0;}else{gas&＃61;&＃39;0&＃39;;}if(Fire_DOUT &＃61;&＃61; 0){fire&＃61;&＃39;1&＃39;;LED_Alarm();LED &＃61; 0;beep&＃61;0;}else{fire&＃61;&＃39;0&＃39;;}for(i&＃61;0;i<2;i&＃43;&＃43;){string_send[i]&＃61;tempture[i];}string_send[2]&＃61;&＃39;t&＃39;;string_send[3]&＃61;fire;string_send[4]&＃61;&＃39;g&＃39;;string_send[5]&＃61;gas;string_send[6]&＃61;&＃39;f&＃39;;string_data1[]&＃61;"{\"type\":\"02\",\"deviceCode\":\"Device\",\"deviceData\":\"";string_data2[]&＃61;"\"}";len_a&＃61;strlen(string_data1);leb_b&＃61;strlen(string_data2);len_c&＃61;strlen(string_send);len_sum&＃61;len_a&＃43;len_b&＃43;len_c;Uart_SendStrData("AT&＃43;CIPSTART&＃61;\"TCP\",\"\",\r\n"); delay5ms();Uart_SendStrData("AT&＃43;CIPSEND&＃61;");Uart_SendStrData(len_sum);Uart_SendStrData("\r\n");delay5ms(); Uart_SendStrData(string_data1);Uart_SendStrData(string_send);Uart_SendStrData(string_data2);delay1_relay(2);}
}void UART_Interrupt(void) interrupt 4 {unsigned char temp;if(RI){temp &＃61; SBUF;RI &＃61; 0;if(temp &＃61;&＃61; 1){flag &＃61; 1;}}if(TI){TI &＃61; 0;uart_busy &＃61; 0;}
}


调试通信

        ESP8266上的TX和RX一定要和单片机上的RX与TX交叉连接&＃xff0c;                                                        8266-TX连接51-RX&＃xff0c;8266-RX连接51-TX

以下为单片机串口调试图&＃xff1a;

使用Socket-Tools&＃xff0c;在云服务器上创建TCPServer指定端口号&＃xff0c;开启单片机连接WiFi

下图为端口通信调试图&＃xff1a;

二、服务器软件开发 

 TCP接收服务开发

创建socket通信端口以多线程方式等待监听端口

package com.bl.demo;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;import static com.bl.utli.SocketParam.*;public class TCPServer extends Thread {ServerSocket serverSocket &＃61; null;public static TCPServer tcpServer;&＃64;PostConstructpublic void init(){tcpServer &＃61; this;tcpServer.start();}public String socketSendData(String deviceCode,String sendData){//不为空时subSocketClient temp &＃61; DeviceCode2SocketMap.get(deviceCode);if(null!&＃61;temp){return temp.sendSocketData(sendData,deviceCode);}else{return SendError;}}&＃64;Overridepublic void run() {try {serverSocket &＃61; new ServerSocket(PortNum);System.out.println("PortNum: "&＃43;PortNum);} catch (IOException e) {System.out.println("the port cannot open.");}while(true){try {System.out.println("wait. .. ...");//使用accept()是阻塞方法Socket socketTemp &＃61; serverSocket.accept();new subSocketClient(this.serverSocket,socketTemp).start();//为每个连接都创建一个线程客户端} catch (IOException e) {System.out.println("happening");}}}
}


使用JDBC对MySQL进行操作&＃xff0c; 在run()方法中解析数据并存储到数据库中

package com.bl.demo;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bl.Data.Data;
import com.bl.Data.DataMapper;
import com.bl.Data.DataService;
import com.bl.utli.SocketParam;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.sql.*;import static com.bl.utli.SocketParam.*;//&＃64;Component
public class subSocketClient extends Thread {private ServerSocket serverSocket;private Socket socket;&＃64;Autowired&＃64;Resourceprivate DataMapper tempMapper_udp_save;public static subSocketClient subSocketClient;public subSocketClient(ServerSocket serverSocket, Socket socket) {this.serverSocket &＃61; serverSocket;this.socket &＃61; socket;}//初始化通信程序&＃64;PostConstructpublic void init(){subSocketClient &＃61; this;subSocketClient.tempMapper_udp_save &＃61; this.tempMapper_udp_save;}private static final String DRIVER &＃61; "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";public void addTemp(String temp, String humi, String beam, String time) {String url &＃61; "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/iot?serverTimezone&＃61;UTC&allowMultiQueries&＃61;true";// 数据库用户名String user &＃61; "root";// 数据库密码String password &＃61; "123456";// 建立数据库连接&＃xff0c;获得连接对象conntry {Connection conn &＃61; DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");String sql &＃61; "insert into data_info_t (temp,humi,beam,time) values(?,?,?,?)";PreparedStatement ps &＃61; conn.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setString(1, temp);ps.setString(2, humi);ps.setString(3, beam);ps.setString(4, time);// 执行sql语句ps.executeUpdate();System.out.println("SQL插入完毕&＃xff01;");// 关闭数据库连接对象conn.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}String temp &＃61; "";String humi &＃61; "";String beam &＃61; "";String time &＃61; "";String str1 &＃61; "";String str2 &＃61; "";String str3 &＃61; "";public String sendSocketData(String sendData, String deviceCode) {try {BufferedReader br &＃61; null;PrintWriter pw &＃61; null;br &＃61; new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));pw &＃61; new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);//查看socket是否存在if (!socket.isClosed()) {pw.println(sendData);pw.flush();return SendSuccess;} else {//不存在则移除该socketDeviceCode2SocketMap.remove(deviceCode);return SendError;}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return SendError;}&＃64;Overridepublic void run() {try {//获取输入流InputStream inputStream &＃61; socket.getInputStream();BufferedReader br &＃61; new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));byte[] buf &＃61; new byte[1024];//接收数据int line &＃61; 0;while ((line &＃61; inputStream.read(buf)) !&＃61; -1) {String param &＃61; new String(buf, 0, line);//转成json格式JSONObject jsonObject &＃61; JSONObject.parseObject(param);//获取type类型&＃xff0c;如果是02则自动注册设备String type &＃61; jsonObject.getString("type");if (type.equals(TypeUpdateData)) {//获取设备编号String deviceCode &＃61; jsonObject.getString("deviceCode");System.out.println(deviceCode);//获取传感数据String deviceData &＃61; jsonObject.getString("deviceData");System.out.println(deviceData);//字符串解析str1 &＃61; deviceData;String[] strArr1 &＃61; StringUtils.split(str1, "t");for (int i &＃61; 0; i }


创建restful端口&＃xff0c;调用获取设备数据方法将设备传感数据返回&＃xff0c;访问方法为POST

&＃64;RequestMapping(value &＃61; "/getData", method &＃61; RequestMethod.POST, produces &＃61; MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)&＃64;CrossOriginpublic List getData() {List temps &＃61; dataService.getTemps();return temps;}


创建数据服务接口&＃xff0c;用于获取和添加传感器数据 

package com.bl.Data;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;&＃64;Mapper
public interface DataMapper {int addTemp(Map param);List getTemps();}

package com.bl.Data;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
&＃64;Service
public class DataService {&＃64;AutowiredDataMapper dataMapper;public int addTemp(Map param){return dataMapper.addTemp(param);}public List getTemps(){return dataMapper.getTemps();}
}

 编写xml文件&＃xff0c;设备数据插入与查询&＃xff0c;查询排序按时间递减



insert into data_info_t(temp,humi,beam,time) values (#{temp},#{humi},#{beam},#{time})select * from data_info_t ORDER BY time DESC LIMIT 100


postman通信测试图

三、前端页面数据展示

 页面实现

室内火灾监控平台

• 用户管理

  添加用户

  用户列表

  修改信息

• 设备信息

  添加设备

  设备数据

$("#search").click(function () {var name&＃61;$("#input").val();$.ajax({async:true,type: "POST",url: "http://47.102.42.105:8456/Device/getData",dataType: "json",data: JSON.stringify({"name":name}),contentType: "application/json",success: function (res) {console.log(res);for(var i&＃61;0; i&＃39;&＃43;res.resultList[i].temp&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;&＃43;&＃39;&＃39; &＃43;res.resultList[i].fire&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;&＃43;res.resultList[i].gas&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;&＃43;res.resultList[i].time&＃43;&＃39;&＃39;;$("#table").append(&＃39;&＃39; &＃43; tr &＃43; &＃39;&＃39;);}}})})
})