ubuntu14.04.5安装paramiko模块pipinstallparamiko出现一堆问题的解决过程

根据paramiko官网的指示&＃xff0c;可以使用pip安装paramiko模块默认安装最新的稳定版本的paramiko
使用pip安装paramiko

sudo pip3 install paramiko

出现一堆错误信息&＃xff1a;

liuxin&＃64;sunshine-virtual-machine:~/work/python/python/socket/socketserver/ftp_client$ sudo pip3 install paramiko
[sudo] password for liuxin:
对不起&＃xff0c;请重试。
[sudo] password for liuxin:
对不起&＃xff0c;请重试。
[sudo] password for liuxin:
Downloading/unpacking paramikoDownloading paramiko-2.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (192kB): 192kB downloaded
Downloading/unpacking bcrypt>&＃61;3.1.3 (from paramiko)Downloading bcrypt-3.1.4.tar.gz (42kB): 42kB downloadedRunning setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/bcrypt/setup.py) egg_info for package bcryptwarning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;requirements.txt&＃39;warning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;tasks.py&＃39;warning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;.travis.yml&＃39;warning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;wheel-scripts&＃39;warning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;Jenkinsfile&＃39;warning: no previously-included files found matching &＃39;.jenkins&＃39;warning: no previously-included files matching &＃39;*&＃39; found under directory &＃39;.jenkins&＃39;warning: no previously-included files matching &＃39;*&＃39; found under directory &＃39;wheel-scripts&＃39;no previously-included directories found matching &＃39;.travis&＃39;
Downloading/unpacking pynacl>&＃61;1.0.1 (from paramiko)Downloading PyNaCl-1.2.1.tar.gz (3.3MB): 3.3MB downloadedRunning setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py) egg_info for package pynaclPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundc/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: 没有那个文件或目录#include ^compilation terminated.Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 116, in _compileextra_postargs)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 909, in spawnspawn(cmd, dry_run&＃61;self.dry_run)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 36, in spawn_spawn_posix(cmd, search_path, dry_run&＃61;dry_run)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 162, in _spawn_posix% (cmd, exit_status))distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setupdist.run_commands()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commandsself.run_command(cmd)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 185, in runcmd &＃61; self.call_command(&＃39;install_lib&＃39;, warn_dir&＃61;0)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 171, in call_commandself.run_command(cmdname)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_commandself.distribution.run_command(command)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 21, in runself.build()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 109, in buildself.run_command(&＃39;build_ext&＃39;)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_commandself.distribution.run_command(command)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 49, in run_build_ext.run(self)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in runself.build_extensions()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 448, in build_extensionsself.build_extension(ext)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension_build_ext.build_extension(self,ext)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 503, in build_extensiondepends&＃61;ext.depends)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compileself._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 118, in _compileraise CompileError(msg)distutils.errors.CompileError: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1025, in run_setuprun_setup(setup_script, args)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 50, in run_setuplambda: execfile(File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 100, in runreturn func()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 52, in {&＃39;__file__&＃39;:setup_script, &＃39;__name__&＃39;:&＃39;__main__&＃39;}File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/compat.py", line 78, in execfileexec(compile(source, fn, &＃39;exec&＃39;), globs, locs)File "setup.py", line 236, in cmdclass&＃61;{File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 163, in setupraise SystemExit("error: " &＃43; str(msg))SystemExit: error: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "", line 17, in File "/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py", line 251, in "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup_setup_distribution &＃61; dist &＃61; klass(attrs)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop(&＃39;setup_requires&＃39;))File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggsreplace_conflicting&＃61;TrueFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolvedist &＃61; best[req.key] &＃61; env.best_match(req, ws, installer)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_matchreturn self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/installFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtainreturn installer(requirement)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_eggreturn cmd.easy_install(req)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 616, in easy_installreturn self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 646, in install_itemdists &＃61; self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 834, in install_eggsreturn self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1040, in build_and_installself.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1028, in run_setupraise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundPackage libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.Perhaps you should add the directory containing &＃96;libffi.pc&＃39;to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variableNo package &＃39;libffi&＃39; foundc/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: 没有那个文件或目录#include ^compilation terminated.Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 116, in _compileextra_postargs)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 909, in spawnspawn(cmd, dry_run&＃61;self.dry_run)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 36, in spawn_spawn_posix(cmd, search_path, dry_run&＃61;dry_run)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 162, in _spawn_posix% (cmd, exit_status))distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setupdist.run_commands()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commandsself.run_command(cmd)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 185, in runcmd &＃61; self.call_command(&＃39;install_lib&＃39;, warn_dir&＃61;0)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 171, in call_commandself.run_command(cmdname)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_commandself.distribution.run_command(command)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 21, in runself.build()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 109, in buildself.run_command(&＃39;build_ext&＃39;)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_commandself.distribution.run_command(command)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_commandcmd_obj.run()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 49, in run_build_ext.run(self)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in runself.build_extensions()File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 448, in build_extensionsself.build_extension(ext)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension_build_ext.build_extension(self,ext)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 503, in build_extensiondepends&＃61;ext.depends)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compileself._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 118, in _compileraise CompileError(msg)distutils.errors.CompileError: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1025, in run_setuprun_setup(setup_script, args)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 50, in run_setuplambda: execfile(File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 100, in runreturn func()File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 52, in {&＃39;__file__&＃39;:setup_script, &＃39;__name__&＃39;:&＃39;__main__&＃39;}File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/compat.py", line 78, in execfileexec(compile(source, fn, &＃39;exec&＃39;), globs, locs)File "setup.py", line 236, in cmdclass&＃61;{File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 163, in setupraise SystemExit("error: " &＃43; str(msg))SystemExit: error: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "", line 17, in File "/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py", line 251, in "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup_setup_distribution &＃61; dist &＃61; klass(attrs)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop(&＃39;setup_requires&＃39;))File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggsreplace_conflicting&＃61;TrueFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolvedist &＃61; best[req.key] &＃61; env.best_match(req, ws, installer)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_matchreturn self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/installFile "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtainreturn installer(requirement)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_eggreturn cmd.easy_install(req)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 616, in easy_installreturn self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 646, in install_itemdists &＃61; self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 834, in install_eggsreturn self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1040, in build_and_installself.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1028, in run_setupraise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command &＃39;i686-linux-gnu-gcc&＃39; failed with exit status 1----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl
Storing debug log for failure in /home/liuxin/.pip/pip.log


查看错误日志时发现一条信息&＃xff1a;

No package &＃39;libffi&＃39; found

所以使用下面安装libffi:

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

再次使用pip3安装paramiko模块又提示如下错误&＃xff1a;

error in cryptography setup command: Invalid environment marker: python_version <&＃39;3&＃39;

别灰心&＃xff0c;出现别的错误说明有进展
上网搜了一下这个错误找到一个解决方案&＃xff1a;https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/31741

看到没&＃xff1f;它也在安装libffi&＃xff0c;至少说明我们的方向没有错&＃xff0c; 按照大神的提示执行一下指令&＃xff1a;

sudo pip3 install --upgrade setuptools
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev libssl-dev

再次安装paramiko

sudo pip3 install paramiko

安装成功&＃xff0c;打开python3解释器测试模块&＃xff1a;

Successfully installed paramiko pyasn1 bcrypt cryptography pynacl cffi idna asn1crypto pycparser
Cleaning up...
liuxin&＃64;sunshine-virtual-machine:~/work/python/python/socket/socketserver/ftp_client$ python3
Python 3.4.3 (default, Nov 28 2017, 16:40:41)
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import paramiko
>>>


ok&＃xff0c; 搞定

总结&＃xff1a;
    在使用pip3安装paramiko模块执行以下指令&＃xff1a;

sudo pip3 install --upgrade setuptools
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev libssl-dev
sudo pip3 install paramiko