Python3实现两个JSON文件内容对比及差异输出

使用哈希值比较两个JSON文件内容的一致性

首先，我们可以通过计算每个文件的MD5哈希值来快速判断两个JSON文件的内容是否一致。这种方法适用于大多数情况，尤其是当文件较大时，可以显著提高效率。

import hashlib

def calculate_hash(file_path):
    hash_md5 = hashlib.md5()
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b''):
            hash_md5.update(chunk)
    return hash_md5.hexdigest()

def compare_files(file1, file2):
    return calculate_hash(file1) == calculate_hash(file2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    file1_path = 'path/to/your/file1.json'
    file2_path = 'path/to/your/file2.json'
    print(compare_files(file1_path, file2_path))

输出两个JSON文件内容的具体差异

如果需要更详细的比较，即不仅判断文件内容是否一致，还要找出具体哪些部分不同，可以使用Python的json模块加载JSON文件，然后逐项进行对比。

import json

def load_json(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        return json.load(file)

def find_differences(json1, json2, path=[]):
    differences = []
    if isinstance(json1, dict) and isinstance(json2, dict):
        for key in set(list(json1.keys()) + list(json2.keys())):
            if key not in json1 or key not in json2:
                differences.append((path + [key], json1.get(key), json2.get(key)))
            else:
                differences.extend(find_differences(json1[key], json2[key], path + [key]))
    elif isinstance(json1, list) and isinstance(json2, list):
        max_length = max(len(json1), len(json2))
        for i in range(max_length):
            val1 = json1[i] if i             val2 = json2[i] if i             differences.extend(find_differences(val1, val2, path + [i]))
    elif json1 != json2:
        differences.append((path, json1, json2))
    return differences

if __name__ == '__main__':
    file1_path = 'path/to/your/file1.json'
    file2_path = 'path/to/your/file2.json'
    json1 = load_json(file1_path)
    json2 = load_json(file2_path)
    diffs = find_differences(json1, json2)
    for diff in diffs:
        print('Path:', '.'.join(map(str, diff[0])), '\nValue 1:', diff[1], '\nValue 2:', diff[2], '\n')