比如对于已经得到了如下html代码:
的soup变量eachMonthHeader了。
想要提取其中的
Month的label的值:November
和Year的label的值:2012
最简单,也是最省事的办法是,直接搜两个label,然后肯定会找到这两个label,然后分别对应着Month和Year的label,然后获得对应的string即可:
foundTwoLabel = eachMonthHeader.findAll("label"); print "foundTwoLabel=",foundTwoLabel; mOnthLabel= foundTwoLabel[0]; yearLabel = foundTwoLabel[1]; mOnthStr= monthLabel.string; yearStr = yearLabel.string; print "mOnthStr=",monthStr; # mOnthStr= November print "yearStr=",yearStr; # yearStr= 2012
但是很明显,这样的逻辑性很不好,而且万一处理多个这样的soup变量,而且两者的顺便颠倒了,那么结果也就错误了。
此时,可以考虑利用soup变量的parent属性,从一个soup变量本身,获得其上一级的soup变量。
示例代码如下:
## # # # # foundCboMOnth= eachMonthHeader.find("input", {"id":re.compile("cboMonth\d+")}); #print "foundCboMOnth=",foundCboMonth; tdMOnth= foundCboMonth.parent; #print "tdMOnth=",tdMonth; tdMOnthLabel= tdMonth.label; #print "tdMOnthLabel=",tdMonthLabel; mOnthStr= tdMonthLabel.string; print "mOnthStr=",monthStr; foundCboYear = eachMonthHeader.find("input", {"id":re.compile("cboYear\d+")}); #print "foundCboYear=",foundCboYear; tdYear = foundCboYear.parent; #print "tdYear=",tdYear; tdYearLabel = tdYear.label; #print "tdYearLabel=",tdYearLabel; yearStr = tdYearLabel.string; print "yearStr=",yearStr;
我们再来看一个例子:
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup doc = ['', 'This is paragraph one.', '
This is paragraph two.', ''] soup = BeautifulSoup(''.join(doc)) print soup.prettify() # # # # # #
# This is paragraph # # one # # . #
## This is paragraph # # two # # . #
# #
这个例子中, Tag的parent是 Tag. Tag 的parent是BeautifulSoup 剖析对象自己。 剖析对象的parent是None. 利用parent,你可以向前遍历剖析树。
soup.head.parent.name # u'html' soup.head.parent.parent.__class__.__name__ # 'BeautifulSoup' soup.parent == None # True
2.当解析非UTF-8或ASCII编码类型的HTML时,需要指定对应的字符编码
当html为ASCII或UTF-8编码时,可以不指定html字符编码,便可正确解析html为对应的soup:
#这里respHtml是ASCII或UTF-8编码,此时可以不指定编码类型,即可正确解析出对应的soup soup = BeautifulSoup(respHtml);
当html为其他类型编码,比如GB2312的话,则需要指定相应的字符编码,BeautifulSoup才能正确解析出对应的soup:
比如:
#此处respHtml是GB2312编码的,所以要指定该编码类型,BeautifulSoup才能解析出对应的soup htmlCharset = "GB2312"; soup = BeautifulSoup(respHtml, fromEncoding=htmlCharset);