makefile实例

#.PHONY:cleanall cleanobj cleandiff#cleanall:cleandiff cleanobj
# rm program#cleanobj:
# rm obj.c
# echo &＃39;cleaning........&＃39;
#cleandiff:
# rm diff.c#命令cd和pwd同时执行
exec1:cd ../pwd#先执行命令cd再执行pwd
exec2:cd ../;pwd
foo :&＃61; a.o b.o c.o
bar :&＃61; $(foo:.o&＃61;.c)#替换函数
exec3:echo &＃39;$(bar)&＃39;
a :&＃61; afrom
b :&＃61; $(subst from,to,$a)
exec4:&＃64;echo &＃39;$b&＃39;#取所在目录路径dirs :&＃61; $(dir src/foo.c hacks)
exec5:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(dirs)&＃39; #取文件名后缀
suf1 :&＃61; $(suffix a.c a.o)
exec6:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(suf1)&＃39;#取前缀
bas &＃61; $(basename foo.x a.o)
exec7:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(bas)&＃39;#添加后缀
addsux &＃61; $(addsuffix .c,foo bar)
exec8:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(addsux)&＃39;#添加前缀
addpre &＃61; $(addprefix aa,foo bar)
exec9:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(addpre)&＃39;#字串连接函数
pjoin &＃61; $(join aa, bb cc)
exec10:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(pjoin)&＃39;#查找字串函数
findstr &＃61; $(findstring ab,dddabf)
exec11:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(findstr)&＃39;#过滤函数
sources:&＃61;foo.c bar.c baz.s ugh.h
ss&＃61;$(filter %.c %.s,$(sources))
exec12:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(ss)&＃39;#循环函数
names :&＃61; a b c d
#表示将names的值依次放进n中&＃xff0c;然后以.o的形式输出
files :&＃61; $(foreach n,$(names),$(n).o)
exec13:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(files)&＃39;reverse &＃61; $(2)$(1)
foo &＃61; $(call reverse,a,b)
exec14:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(foo)&＃39;
reverse &＃61; $(2)$(1)
foo &＃61; $(call reverse,a,b)
exec15:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(foo)&＃39;#查看变量的类型
aa &＃61; $(origin CC)
exec16:&＃64;echo &＃39;$(aa)&＃39;