通过RMANDUPLICATE...FROMACTIVEDATABASE创建dataguard(fororacle11g)oracle10g可以通过基于备份的rmanDUPLICATE实现dataguard，通过步骤需要对数据库进行备份，并在standby侧进行数据库的恢复。而...
通过RMAN DUPLICATE...FROM ACTIVE DATABASE创建dataguard(for oracle 11g)
oracle 10g可以通过基于备份的rman DUPLICATE实现dataguard，通过步骤需要对
数据库进行备份，并在standby侧进行数据库的恢复。而到了11g，oracle推出了Duplicate From Active Database技术，不需要再对数据库进行rman备份恢复，一切动作都通过网络自动完成。
下面是具体的实现例子：
primary db：hrdbprim
standby db:standby(由于是三个节点的rac，实例名为standby1）
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一、primary侧的环境准备：
1，确保数据库归档状态
[sql]
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG
2，Enable force logging
[sql]
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Database altered.
3，生成standby redolog
[sql]
SQL> alter database add standby logfile &＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/redo11.log&＃39; size 50m;
Database altered.
4，修改primary参数文件spfile，需要设置以下8个参数
[sql]
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_COnFIG=&＃39;DG_COnFIG=(hrdbprim,standby)&＃39;;
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System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=&＃39;LOCATION=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=hrdbprim&＃39;;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=&＃39;SERVICE=standby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby&＃39;;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set FAL_SERVER=standby;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set FAL_CLIENT=standby;
System altered.
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SQL> alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_COnVERT=&＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/&＃39;,&＃39;+DATA/standby/datafile/&＃39; scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_COnVERT=&＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/&＃39;,&＃39;+DATA/standby/onlinelog/&＃39; scope=spfile;
System altered.
二、修改sql*net相关文件，确保网络环境准备,确保互相tnsping通
listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = standby)
(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = standby3)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.4.124.235)(PORT = 1521))
)
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tnsnames.ora
hrdbprim =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.4.124.239)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = hrdbprim)
)
)
standby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.4.124.235)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = standby)(UR=A)
)
)
三、创建standby数据库
1，password密码文件；既可以从primary复制改名，也可以重新生成一个，主要要保持sys口令一致，这里采用复制方式
sftp ...
mv orapwhrdbprim orapwstandby
2,新建pfile文件，注意pfile要放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录,否则启动时需要指定pfile文件,注意启动时必须使用pfile文件启动，否者无法复制
vi initstandby3.ora
DB_NAME=standby
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby
*.audit_file_dest=&＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/admin/standby/adump&＃39;
*.control_files=&＃39;+DATA/standby/controlfile/control01.ctl&＃39;,&＃39;+FRA/standby/controlfile/control02.ctl&＃39;
*.db_create_file_dest=&＃39;+DATA&＃39;
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_recovery_file_dest=&＃39;+FRA&＃39;
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G
3，创建相关目录，用来放datafile和trace file
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/admin/standby/adump
ASMCMD> mkdir standby
ASMCMD> cd standby
ASMCMD> mkdir controlfile
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/standby
ASMCMD> cd controlfile
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/standby/controlfi
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4，启动数据库到nomount状态
standby>startup nomount pfile = &＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initstandby3.ora&＃39;;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 304861184 bytes
Fixed Size 2225872 bytes
Variable Size 159385904 bytes
Database Buffers 134217728 bytes
Redo Buffers 9031680 bytes
5，测试数据库连接问题
SQL> connect sys/"pl,12345"@standby as sysdba;
ERROR:
ORA-12528: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances are blocking new connections
说明数据库没有启动到mount状态，监听器blocked
通过tnsnames.ora中添加(UR=A)解决，且最好使用listener.ora静态注册
6，primary主机运行如下命令，此处连接必须使用网络连接符，否者报错
[sql]
RMAN> run {
allocate channel prmy1 type disk;
allocate channel prmy2 type disk;
allocate channel prmy3 type disk;
allocate channel prmy4 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
duplicate target database for standby from active database
spfile www.2cto.com
parameter_value_convert &＃39;hrdbprim&＃39;,&＃39;standby&＃39;
set db_unique_name=&＃39;standby&＃39;
set db_file_name_cOnvert=&＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/&＃39;,&＃39;+DATA/standby/datafile/&＃39;
set log_file_name_cOnvert=&＃39;/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/hrdbprim/&＃39;,&＃39;+DATA/standby/onlinelog/&＃39;
set control_files=&＃39;+DATA/standby/controlfile/control01.ctl&＃39;,&＃39;+FRA/standby/controlfile/control02.ctl&＃39;
set log_archive_max_processes=&＃39;5&＃39;
set fal_client=&＃39;standby&＃39;
set fal_server=&＃39;hrdbprim&＃39;
set standby_file_management=&＃39;AUTO&＃39;
set log_archive_cOnfig=&＃39;dg_cOnfig=(hrdbprim,standby)&＃39;
set log_archive_dest_1=&＃39;service=hrdbprim ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILE,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=hrdbprim&＃39;
;
}
.........
7,standby数据库，开启dataguard
sys@STANDBY3(dtydb5)> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
数据库已更改。
8，对于active dataguard，可以再使用如下命令
[sql]
sys@STANDBY3(dtydb5)> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
数据库已更改。
sys@STANDBY3(dtydb5)> alter database open;
数据库已更改。
sys@STANDBY3(dtydb5)> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;
数据库已更改。
sys@STANDBY3(dtydb5)> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
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数据库已更改。
四、测试ADG结果
恢复单节点到rac数据库，注册到CRS，参见上篇文章
备注：注意事项：
a、standby监听器必须是静态监听
b、db_file_name_convert要正确设置，否者会报错ORA-17628, ORA-19505
参考资料：
RMAN &＃39;Duplicate From Active Database&＃39; Feature in 11G [ID 452868.1]
Step by Step Guide on Creating Physical Standby Using RMAN DUPLICATE...FROM ACTIVE DATABASE [ID 1075908.1]
ORA-17628, ORA-19505 during RMAN DUPLICATE FROM ACTIVE [ID 1331986.1]
作者 hijk139
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