SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ绑定交换机与队列方法/实例

原文网址：SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ--绑定交换机与队列--方法/实例_IT利刃出鞘的博客-CSDN博客

        本文用实例介绍SpringBoot中RabbitMQ如何绑定交换机（交换器）与队列。

交换机

下边两种方式等价。

ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME).durable(true).build();

new TopicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME, true, false)

队列

下边两种方式等价

QueueBuilder.durable("Hi").build();

new Queue(QUEUE_HI, true)

绑定

下边两种方式等价

注意：第一种的参数并不是字符串。

BindingBuilder.bind(helloQueue).to(welcomExchange).with("hello.#") new Binding("[email&＃160;protected]", Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, "[email&＃160;protected]", "hello.#", null) 法1：配置类(简洁方法)(推荐）

package com.example.config; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class RabbitMQRouterConfig { public static final String QUEUE_HELLO = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public static final String QUEUE_HI = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public static final String ROUTINGKEY_HELLOS = "hello.#"; @Autowired private AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin; @Bean public Object initBindingTest() { amqpAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME, true, false)); amqpAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue(QUEUE_HI, true)); amqpAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue(QUEUE_HELLO, true)); amqpAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding(QUEUE_HELLO, Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME, ROUTINGKEY_HELLOS, null)); return new Object(); } }

amqpAdmin.declareBinding

需要一个Binding对象作为参数

• exchange：交换器名称
• type：交换器类型。BuiltinExchangeType枚举类，有以下4中类型交换器：DIRECT(“direct”), FANOUT(“fanout”), TOPIC(“topic”), HEADERS(“headers”)
• durable：设置是否持久化。true：持久化，false：非持久化。持久化可以将交换器存盘，在服务器重启时不会丢失相关消息。
• autoDelete：设置是否自动删除。true：自动删除，false：不自动删除。自动删除的前提是至少有一个队列或交换器与这个交换器绑定，之后所有与这个交换器绑定的队列或交换器都与此交换器解绑。
• internal：设置是否内置的。true：内置交换器，false：非内置交换器。内置交换器，客户端无法直接发送消息到这个交换器中，只能通过交换器路由到交换器这种方式。
• arguments：其他一些结构化参数。如备份交换器：alternate-exchange、超时时间。示例配置超时时间方法：

Map params = new HashMap(); params.put("x-message-ttl", 2000); amqpAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding(QUEUE_HELLO, Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, EXCHANGE_TOPIC_WELCOME, ROUTINGKEY_HELLOS, params)); 法2：配置类(繁琐方法)(不推荐)

不推荐的原因

适用于队列和交换器不多时。

代码示例

package com.lly.order.message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class RabbitMQConfig { public final static String QUEUE_DIRECT = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public final static String QUEUE_TOPIC_OnE= "[email&＃160;protected]_one"; public final static String TOPIC_QUEUE_TWO = "[email&＃160;protected]_two"; public final static String QUEUE_FANOUT_OnE= "[email&＃160;protected]_one"; public final static String QUEUE_FANOUT_TWO = "[email&＃160;protected]_two"; public final static String EXCHANGE_TOPIC = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public final static String EXCHANGE_FANOUT = "[email&＃160;protected]"; public final static String ROUTINGKEY_TOPIC_OnE= "hello.key"; public final static String ROUTINGKEY_TOPIC_TWO = "*.key"; // direct模式队列 @Bean public Queue directQueue() { return new Queue(QUEUE_DIRECT, true); } // topic 订阅者模式队列 @Bean public Queue topicQueueOne() { return new Queue(QUEUE_TOPIC_ONE, true); } @Bean public Queue topicQueueTwo() { return new Queue(TOPIC_QUEUE_TWO, true); } // fanout 广播者模式队列 @Bean public Queue fanoutQueueOne() { return new Queue(QUEUE_FANOUT_ONE, true); } @Bean public Queue fanoutQueueTwo() { return new Queue(QUEUE_FANOUT_TWO, true); } // topic 交换器 @Bean public TopicExchange topExchange() { return new TopicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPIC); } // fanout 交换器 @Bean public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() { return new FanoutExchange(EXCHANGE_FANOUT); } // 订阅者模式绑定 @Bean public Binding topicExchangeBingingOne() { return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueOne()).to(topExchange()).with(ROUTINGKEY_TOPIC_ONE); } @Bean public Binding topicExchangeBingingTwo() { return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueueTwo()).to(topicExchange()).with(ROUTINGKEY_TOPIC_TWO); } // 广播模式绑定 @Bean public Binding fanoutExchangeBingingOne() { return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueOne()).to(fanoutExchange()); } @Bean public Binding fanoutExchangeBingingTwo() { return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueueTwo()).to(fanoutExchange()); } } 法3：使用方配置(不推荐)

不推荐的原因

        RabbitMQ的配置最好是统一在一个地方配置，分散配置不利于后期维护。

使用方法

@Component public class Receiver { @RabbitListener(queues = "hello") public void process(String hello) { System.out.println ("Receiver : " + hello); } @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( exchange = @Exchange(value = "[email&＃160;protected]",durable = "true",type = "topic"), value = @Queue(value = "[email&＃160;protected]",durable = "true"), key = "key.#" )) public void processMessage1(Message message) { System.out.println(message); } } 法4：MQ服务端网页(不推荐)

不推荐的原因

使用方法

添加交换器

http://localhost:15672/#/exchanges   //例如：[email&＃160;protected]

添加队列

http://localhost:15672/#/queues            //例如：[email&＃160;protected]

交换器添加路由键

http://localhost:15672/#/exchanges=> 点击交换器名字=> Binding=> 添加队列与路由