Openstack Folsom 发布好久了，但由于新的组件Quantum的加入，以及知识的跨度，比如同时需要系统管理及网络工程方面的知识，所以Folsom的安装还是挺费事的。
经过几天的测试，参考各种文档，终于完成了Folsom基于双网卡的安装，总结至此。
1. 需求说明
====================
:节点名称: NICs
:控制节点: eth0 (100.10.10.51), eth1 (192.168.100.51)
:网络节点: eth0 (100.10.10.52), eth2 (0.0.0.0)
:计算节点: eth0 (100.10.10.53)
**备注 1: ** 本文为双网卡安装Folsom设计,根据官方说明，网络节点最好采用三块网卡控制节点可以和计算节点合二为一.
**备注 2：** 本文安装指南环境为实现Folsom功能评估，力求简单方便，安全性差，不可用于生产环境。
**备注 3: ** 本文不适用于虚拟机环境.请使用物理计算机安装.
.. image:: http://i.imgur.com/4D51h.jpg
2. 控制节点
===============
2.1. 准备系统
-----------------
* 安装系统注意事项::
- ubuntu-12.10-server-amd64.iso
- 为Cinder服务预留独立分区 例如: /dev/sda5
- 提前定义好各服务器主机名及ＩＰ，尽量别改，一定要改，请修改/etc/hosts中的对应关系
* 以下所有命令均在root权限下完成，所以在装好ubuntu后，请切换到root::
sudo passwd
su
* 更新系统(依据笔者经验，安装完Folsom环境后最好别再使用dist-upgrade,以免产生些许小问题，如虚拟机获得不了ip等..)::
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade
* 因为要更新和下载的软件比较多，可以在空闲时间一次更新系统并提前安装所需要软件，以后只需要配置就行了:
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get update -y && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y rabbitmq-server ntp vlan bridge-utils keystone curl openssl glance quantum-server quantum-plugin-openvswitch nova-api nova-cert novnc nova-consoleauth nova-scheduler nova-novncproxy cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume iscsitarget open-iscsi iscsitarget-dkms openstack-dashboard memcached python-mysqldb mysql-server
2.2.配置网卡
------------
* 主控应该有一个外网网卡::
#访问Openstack ＡＰＩ
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.100.51
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.100.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8
#管理网络和虚拟机网络合二为一
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 100.10.10.51
netmask 255.255.255.0
* 重启网络服务::
service networking restart
2.3. MySQL & RabbitMQ
------------
* 安装 MySQL 和 RabbitMQ::
apt-get install mysql-server python-mysqldb rabbitmq-server
* 配置Mysql监听所有地址::
sed -i 's/127.0.0.1/0.0.0.0/g' /etc/mysql/my.cnf
service mysql restart
* 为了简化安装，以后所有连接mysql服务均使用 root:password登录,将root权限更改为所有主机可以访问(默认只能本机访问)
mysql -uroot -ppassword
use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
flush privileges;
* 创建所有必须的数据库::
create database keystone;
create database nova;
create database glance;
create database cinder;
create database quantum;
2.4. 节点时间同步
------------------
* 安装时间服务器,其它节点时间同此服务器同步::
apt-get install ntp
sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server ntp.ubuntu.comserver 127.127.1.0fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10/g' /etc/ntp.conf
service ntp restart
2.5. Others
-------------------
* 安装其它服务::
apt-get install vlan bridge-utils
* 允许IP转发::
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# 检查一下
sysctl -p
2.6. Keystone
-------------------
* 安装组件::
apt-get install keystone
* 编辑 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 数据库连接::
cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/keystone
* 重启keystone并初始化数据库::
service keystone restart
keystone-manage db_sync
* 使用 `自动化脚本
bash keystone_basic.sh
执行一次，否则会创建多个service
bash keystone_endpoints_basic.sh
* 创建/root/novarc文件，写入以下内容::
export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin
export OS_TENANT_ID=c7fb80d964a24ab1bc0fd370696c804e
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=password
export OS_AUTH_URL="http://127.0.0.1:35357/v2.0"
export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=2.0
export SERVICE_TOKEN=ADMIN
export SERVICE_ENDPOINT="http://127.0.0.1:35357/v2.0"
各项值请根据实际情况替换
keystone tenant-list
将获取的tenant_id替换到novarc
source /root/novarc
echo "source /root/novarc" >> ~/.bashrc
2.7. Glance
-------------------
* 安装组件
apt-get install glance
* 分别修改 /etc/glance/glance-api-paste.ini 和/etc/glance/glance-registry-paste.ini::
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_host = 100.10.10.51
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = admin
admin_password = password
* 分别修改 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 和/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf ::
sql_cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/glance
[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone
* 重启glance服务并同步glance数据库::
service glance-api restart; service glance-registry restart
glance-manage db_sync
* 测试glance 服务，不输出任何结果代表成功::
glance index
* 上传个镜像::
wget https://launchpad.net/cirros/trunk/0.3.0/+download/cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img
glance image-create --name myFirstImage --is-public true --container-format bare
--disk-format qcow2 < cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img
* 再查看一下::
glance image-list
2.8. Quantum
-------------------
* 安装组件::
apt-get install quantum-server quantum-plugin-openvswitch
* 修改 /etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini,移动后文件最后，有模板::
[DATABASE]
sql_cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum
#Under the OVS section
[OVS]
tenant_network_type = gre
tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000
enable_tunneling = True
* 修改 /etc/quantum/api-paste.ini ::
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_host = 100.10.10.51
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = admin
admin_password = password
* 重启 quantum server::
service quantum-server restart
2.9. Nova
-------------------
* 安装组件::
apt-get install -y nova-api nova-cert novnc nova-consoleauth nova-scheduler nova-novncproxy
* 修改 /etc/nova/api-paste.ini ::
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_host = 100.10.10.51
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = admin
admin_password = password
signing_dirname = /tmp/keystone-signing-nova
* Modify the /etc/nova/nova.conf like this::
[DEFAULT]
logdir=/var/log/nova
state_path=/var/lib/nova
lock_path=/run/lock/nova
verbose=True
api_paste_cOnfig=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler
s3_host=100.10.10.51
ec2_host=100.10.10.51
ec2_dmz_host=100.10.10.51
rabbit_host=100.10.10.51
cc_host=100.10.10.51
dmz_cidr=169.254.169.254/32
metadata_host=100.10.10.51
metadata_listen=0.0.0.0
nova_url=http://100.10.10.51:8774/v1.1/
sql_cOnnection=mysql://novaUser:novaPass@100.10.10.51/nova
ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:8773/services/Cloud
root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap /etc/nova/rootwrap.conf
# Auth
use_deprecated_auth=false
auth_strategy=keystone
keystone_ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens
# Imaging service
glance_api_servers=100.10.10.51:9292
image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService
# Vnc configuration
novnc_enabled=true
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.100.51:6080/vnc_auto.html
novncproxy_port=6080
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.100.51
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
# Network settings
network_api_class=nova.network.quantumv2.api.API
quantum_url=http://100.10.10.51:9696
quantum_auth_strategy=keystone
quantum_admin_tenant_name=admin
quantum_admin_username=admin
quantum_admin_password=password
quantum_admin_auth_url=http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0
libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver
linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.LinuxOVSInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
# Compute #
compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver
# Cinder #
volume_api_class=nova.volume.cinder.API
osapi_volume_listen_port=5900
* 初始化nova数据库::
nova-manage db sync
* 重启所有nova服务::
cd /etc/init.d/; for i in $( ls nova-* ); do sudo service $i restart; done
* 检查nova服务，有笑脸图标，证明服务正常::
nova-manage service list
Binary Host Zone Status State Updated_At
nova-cert sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:31
nova-consoleauth sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:30
nova-scheduler sm1u07 nova enabled :-) 2013-03-15 12:08:30
2.10. Cinder
-------------------
* 安装组件::
apt-get install cinder-api cinder-scheduler cinder-volume iscsitarget open-iscsi iscsitarget-dkms
* 打开iscsi服务::
sed -i 's/false/true/g' /etc/default/iscsitarget
service iscsitarget start
service open-iscsi start
* 修改 /etc/cinder/api-paste.ini 认证信息::
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
service_protocol = http
service_host = 100.10.10.51
service_port = 5000
auth_host = 100.10.10.51
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = password
admin_password = password
* 修改the /etc/cinder/cinder.conf to::
[DEFAULT]
rootwrap_cOnfig=/etc/cinder/rootwrap.conf
sql_cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/cinder
api_paste_cOnfg= /etc/cinder/api-paste.ini
iscsi_helper=ietadm
volume_name_template = volume-%s
volume_group = cinder-volumes
verbose = True
auth_strategy = keystone
* 初始化cinder数据库::
cinder-manage db sync
* 创建cinder使用的物理卷及卷组::
pvcreate /dev/sda5
vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sda5
service cinder-volume restart
service cinder-api restart
2.11. 控制面板
-------------------
* 安装组件 ::
apt-get install openstack-dashboard memcached
* dashboard依赖apache和memcache::
service apache2 restart; service memcached restart
现在可以访问Dashboard了 **http://192.168.100.51/horizon** 用户名密码 **admin:password**.
3. 网络节点
=========================
3.1. 准备系统
------------------
* 安装ubuntu12.01::
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade
快速：
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y ntp vlan bridge-utils openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent quantum-dhcp-agent quantum-l3-agent
* 安装配置基本服务ntp,vlan,bridge-utils::
apt-get install ntp vlan bridge-utils
sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server 100.10.10.51/g' /etc/ntp.conf
service ntp restart
* 允许ip转发::
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
3.2.配置网卡
------------
* 网络节点eth1网卡将做为虚拟机与互联网通讯端口，设置网卡为 promisc mode::
#虚拟机外网出口
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet manual
up ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 up
up ip link set $IFACE promisc on
down ip link set $IFACE promisc off
down ifconfig $IFACE down
#管理网络及内部通信
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 100.10.10.52
netmask 255.255.255.0
3.3. OpenVSwitch
------------------
* 安装虚拟交换机::
apt-get install -y openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms
* 创建网桥::
#br-int is used for VM integration
ovs-vsctl add-br br-int
#br-ex is used for accessing internet.
ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex
ovs-vsctl br-set-external-id br-ex bridge-id br-ex
ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth1
启动br-ex
ip link set br-ex up
3.4. Quantum
------------------
* 安装quantum组件::
apt-get -y install quantum-dhcp-agent quantum-l3-agent quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent
* 编辑/etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini ::
#Under the database section
[DATABASE]
sql_cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum
#Under the OVS section
[OVS]
tenant_network_type = gre
tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000
integration_bridge = br-int
tunnel_bridge = br-tun
local_ip = 100.10.10.52
enable_tunneling = True
* 更新 /etc/quantum/l3_agent.ini::
auth_url = http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0
auth_region = RegionOne
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = admin
admin_password = password
metadata_ip = 100.10.10.51
metadata_port = 8775
use_namespaces = False
* 修改 /etc/quantum/dhcp_agent.ini::
use_namespaces = False
* 修改/etc/quantum/quantum.conf ::
rabbit_host = 100.10.10.51
* 重启所有服务::
service quantum-dhcp-agent restart
service quantum-l3-agent restart
service quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent restart
4. 计算节点
=========================
4.1. 准备系统
------------------
* 更新升级::
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade
快速：
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y && apt-get install -y ntp vlan bridge-utils cpu-checker kvm libvirt-bin pm-utils openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent nova-compute-kvm
* 安装 ntp vlan bridge-utils::
apt-get install ntp vlan bridge-utils
sed -i 's/server ntp.ubuntu.com/server 100.10.10.51/g' /etc/ntp.conf
service ntp restart
* 允许ＩＰ转发::
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
4.2.配置网卡
------------
* vi /etc/network/interfaces ::
# 管理网络和内部通讯网络
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 100.10.10.53
netmask 255.255.255.0
4.3 KVM
------------------
* 确认硬件支持虚拟化::
apt-get install cpu-checker
kvm-ok
* 安装kvm组件::
apt-get install -y kvm libvirt-bin pm-utils
* 编辑libvirt设备列表支持tun /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf::
cgroup_device_acl = [
"/dev/null", "/dev/full", "/dev/zero",
"/dev/random", "/dev/urandom",
"/dev/ptmx", "/dev/kvm", "/dev/kqemu",
"/dev/rtc", "/dev/hpet","/dev/net/tun"
]
* 删除kvm默认网络配置 ::
virsh net-destroy default
virsh net-undefine default
* 允许动态迁移 ::
vi /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf
listen_tls = 0
listen_tcp = 1
auth_tcp = "none"
vi /etc/init/libvirt-bin.conf
env libvirtd_opts="-d -l"
vi /etc/default/libvirt-bin
libvirtd_opts="-d -l"
service libvirt-bin restart
4.4. OpenVSwitch
------------------
* 安装 openVSwitch::
apt-get install -y openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms
* 创建网桥 bridges::
#br-int will be used for VM integration
ovs-vsctl add-br br-int
4.5. Quantum
------------------
* 安装 Quantum openvswitch agent::
apt-get -y install quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent
* 编辑OVS配置 /etc/quantum/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_quantum_plugin.ini::
#Under the database section
[DATABASE]
sql_cOnnection= mysql://root:password@100.10.10.51/quantum
#Under the OVS section
[OVS]
tenant_network_type = gre
tunnel_id_ranges = 1:1000
integration_bridge = br-int
tunnel_bridge = br-tun
local_ip = 100.10.10.53
enable_tunneling = True
* 修改rabbitMQ IP ::
vi /etc/quantum/quantum.conf
rabbit_host = 100.10.10.51
* 重启所有服务::
service quantum-plugin-openvswitch-agent restart
4.6. Nova
------------------
* 安装nova compute组件::
apt-get install nova-compute-kvm
* 修改 /etc/nova/api-paste.ini::
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystone.middleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_host = 100.10.10.51
auth_port = 35357
auth_protocol = http
admin_tenant_name = admin
admin_user = admin
admin_password = password
signing_dirname = /tmp/keystone-signing-nova
* 编辑 /etc/nova/nova-compute.conf::
[DEFAULT]
libvirt_type=kvm
libvirt_ovs_bridge=br-int
libvirt_vif_type=ethernet
libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver
libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True
* 修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf ::
[DEFAULT]
logdir=/var/log/nova
state_path=/var/lib/nova
lock_path=/run/lock/nova
verbose=True
api_paste_cOnfig=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.simple.SimpleScheduler
s3_host=100.10.10.51
ec2_host=100.10.10.51
ec2_dmz_host=100.10.10.51
rabbit_host=100.10.10.51
cc_host=100.10.10.51
dmz_cidr=169.254.169.254/32
metadata_host=100.10.10.51
metadata_listen=0.0.0.0
nova_url=http://100.10.10.51:8774/v1.1/
sql_cOnnection=mysql://novaUser:novaPass@100.10.10.51/nova
ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:8773/services/Cloud
root_helper=sudo nova-rootwrap /etc/nova/rootwrap.conf
# Auth
use_deprecated_auth=false
auth_strategy=keystone
keystone_ec2_url=http://100.10.10.51:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens
# Imaging service
glance_api_servers=100.10.10.51:9292
image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService
# Vnc configuration
novnc_enabled=true
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.100.51:6080/vnc_auto.html
novncproxy_port=6080
vncserver_proxyclient_address=100.10.10.53
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
# Network settings
network_api_class=nova.network.quantumv2.api.API
quantum_url=http://100.10.10.51:9696
quantum_auth_strategy=keystone
quantum_admin_tenant_name=admin
quantum_admin_username=admin
quantum_admin_password=password
quantum_admin_auth_url=http://100.10.10.51:35357/v2.0
libvirt_vif_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.vif.LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver
linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.LinuxOVSInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
# Compute #
compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver
# Cinder #
volume_api_class=nova.volume.cinder.API
osapi_volume_listen_port=5900
* Restart nova-* services::
cd /etc/init.d/; for i in $( ls nova-* ); do sudo service $i restart; done
* Check for the smiling faces on nova-* services to confirm your installation::
nova-manage service list
5. 创建虚拟机
============
* 使用
* 编辑安全组，允许所有协议,tcp,udp,icmp
root@sm1u07:~# nova secgroup-list-rules default
Please enter password for encrypted keyring:
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp | -1 | 255 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| tcp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| udp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
* 使用脚本 `quantum.sh
* 查看创建好的网络
root@hp4u:~# quantum net-list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| 14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034 | ext_net | 95bddb90-84dc-4579-99b8-798a393a3edf |
| d402e168-cbda-4345-8ffa-015e6a1c4aa1 | admin-net | 8ef3c4dd-a265-421c-afa2-6cff28ae2c74 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
root@hp4u:~# quantum router-list
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | external_gateway_info |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| 623b68f4-967a-4028-9a92-dc5a7d3e16e8 | provider-router | {"network_id": "14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034"} |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
* 修改 /etc/quantum/l3_agent.ini :
gateway_external_network_id = 14dbb282-c74a-4784-bfc3-351f7ca3d034
router_id = 623b68f4-967a-4028-9a92-dc5a7d3e16e8
service quantum-l3-agent restart
* 使用控制面板创建一个虚拟机，并记录vm-uuid，勇冠vm-uuid获取vm的端口id
quantum port-list -- --device_id
* 目前horizon不支持quantum的floatingip操作,通过quantum 命令行为vm 分配floatingip,
quantum floatingip-create --port_id
* 大功告成，现在你可以去dashboard中用vnc登录vm，测试一下各个网络是否通畅
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