使用tkinter模块在Python中进行GUI编程

GUI (Graphical User Interface):

GUI(图形用户界面)&＃xff1a;

GUI is a simple application which helps the user to interact with the computer or any other electronic device through a graphical icon. This used to perform different tasks on a desktop or laptop.

GUI是一个简单的应用程序&＃xff0c;可以帮助用户通过图形图标与计算机或任何其他电子设备进行交互。 这通常用于在台式机或笔记本电脑上执行不同的任务。

GUI tkinter模块 (GUI tkinter module)

tkinter is an inbuilt Python module used to create a GUI application. Python offers a lot of options for creating GUI out of which tkinter is most commonly used. You don&＃39;t need to worry about installation because it comes with Python.

tkinter是用于创建GUI应用程序的内置Python模块。 Python提供了许多创建tkinter的 GUI的选项。 您无需担心安装&＃xff0c;因为它是Python附带的。

There is the most common way to create a GUI application using tkinter:

有使用tkinter创建GUI应用程序的最常用方法&＃xff1a;

• Import the tkinter module in the program.

  将tkinter模块导入程序中。

• Create the GUI application&＃39;s main window.

  创建GUI应用程序的主窗口 。

• Add any number of widgets to the GUI application&＃39;s main window.

  将任意数量的小部件添加到GUI应用程序的主窗口。

• Apply the main event loop to widgets.

  将主事件循环应用于小部件 。

There are mainly two methods we have to remember during the creation of the GUI application by using tkinter module in Python.

在使用Python中的tkinter模块创建GUI应用程序的过程中&＃xff0c;我们主要需要记住两种方法。

1) tkinter.Tk()

1)tkinter.Tk()

To create the main window of the GUI application tkinter offers a Tk() function.

为了创建GUI应用程序的主窗口&＃xff0c;tkinter提供了Tk()函数。

Syntax:

句法&＃xff1a;

Includehelp&＃61;tkinter.Tk()


Where, Includehelp is the name of the GUI application&＃39;s main window.

其中&＃xff0c; Includehelp是GUI应用程序主窗口的名称。

2) mainloop()

2)mainloop()

This is used when you are ready for the application to run. This telling the code keep displaying the window until manually closed it.

当您准备好运行应用程序时&＃xff0c;将使用它。 这告诉代码继续显示该窗口&＃xff0c;直到手动将其关闭为止。

Syntax:

句法&＃xff1a;

Includehelp.mainloop()


In tkinter, all widgets will have some geometry measurement and it has three mainly geometry manager classes which are discussed below.

在tkinter中 &＃xff0c;所有小部件都将具有一些几何尺寸&＃xff0c;并且它具有以下三个主要的几何管理器类。

1. pack(): It organizes the widgets in blocks before placing them in the parent widget.

   pack() &＃xff1a;在将小部件放置在父小部件中之前&＃xff0c;将它们按块进行组织。

2. grid(): It organizes the widgets in the grid before placing it in the parent widget.

   grid() &＃xff1a;在将其放置在父窗口小部件中之前&＃xff0c;它会组织网格中的窗口小部件。

3. place(): It organizes the widgets by placing them on specific positions directed by us.

   place() &＃xff1a;通过将小部件放在我们指示的特定位置来组织小部件。

In tkinter, there is a lot of widgets provided to use in the GUI application. Some of these major widgets will be discussed below:

在tkinter中 &＃xff0c;提供了许多可在GUI应用程序中使用的小部件。 其中一些主要小部件将在下面讨论&＃xff1a;

1) Button

1)按钮

To add a button in the GUI application, we are using this widget in the program.

要在GUI应用程序中添加按钮&＃xff0c;我们在程序中使用此小部件。

Syntax:

句法&＃xff1a;

button_name&＃61;tkinter,Button(
parents_window_name,
text&＃61;&＃39;text_writing&＃39;,
width&＃61;&＃39;width_of_text&＃39;,
command&＃61;&＃39;function to call&＃39;)


2) Radio Button

2)单选按钮

The widgets used to offer multiple options to the user. To add radio button we can simply use RadioButton class.

这些小部件用于向用户提供多个选项。 要添加单选按钮&＃xff0c;我们可以简单地使用RadioButton类。

rad1&＃61;Radiobutton(
Parents_window_name,
text&＃61;&＃39;text_writing&＃39;,
value&＃61;numerical_value).pack()


We have to give a different value for every radio button, otherwise, they won&＃39;t work.

我们必须为每个单选按钮指定不同的值&＃xff0c;否则它们将无法工作。

3) Listbox

3)列表框

This widget offers a list of options to the user to select any options.

该小部件向用户提供选项列表&＃xff0c;以选择任何选项。

Syntax:

句法&＃xff1a;

List&＃61;Listbox(Parents_window_name)
List.insert(1, text)
List.insert(2, nexttext)


4) Entry

4)进入

This widget provide user to enter multiple line text input.

该小部件提供用户输入多行文本输入的功能。

Syntax:

句法&＃xff1a;

label1&＃61;Label(Parents_window_name, text&＃61;&＃39;Name&＃39;).grid(row&＃61;0)
label2&＃61;Label(Parents_window_name, text&＃61;&＃39;password&＃39;).grid(row&＃61;1)
entry_in_label1 &＃61; Entry(Parents_window_name)
entry_in_label2 &＃61; Entry(Parents_window_name)
entry_in_label1.grid(row&＃61;0, column&＃61;1)
entry_in_label2.grid(row&＃61;1, column&＃61;1)


The implementation of these methods is in the below program.

这些程序的实现在下面的程序中。

Program:

程序&＃xff1a;

import tkinter
from tkinter import *
Includehelp.title(&＃39;Includehelp&＃39;)
rad1&＃61;Radiobutton(Includehelp, text&＃61;&＃39;Content&＃39;, value&＃61;1).pack()
rad2&＃61;Radiobutton(Includehelp, text&＃61;&＃39;Software&＃39;, value&＃61;2).pack()
lebel&＃61;tkinter.Button(Includehelp,text&＃61;&＃39;Welcome to Includehelp&＃39;, width&＃61;100).pack()
Includehelp.mainloop()


翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/python/gui-programming-in-python-using-tkinter-module.aspx