SQL Server 2005相对于SQL Server 2000做了很大的改良,许些新特征是非常实用的。本文中将通过几个具体示例进行具体的阐明。( 这些例子引用Northwind库)
1. TOP 表达式
SQL Server 2000的TOP是个固定值,是不是感到差能人意,现在改良了。
--前n名的订单
declare @n int
set @n = 10
select TOP(@n) * from Orders
2. 分页
不知大家过往用SQL Server 2000是如何分页的,大多都用到了临时表。SQL Server 2005就支撑分页,性能也非常不错。
--按Freight从小到大排序,求20到30行的成果
select * from(select OrderId, Freight, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(order by Freight) as row from Orders) a
where row between 20 and 30
3. 排名
select * from(select OrderId, Freight, RANK() OVER(order by Freight) as rank from Orders) a
where rank between 20 and 30
4. try ... catch
SQL Server 2000没有异常,T-SQL必需逐行检查错误代码,对于习惯了try catch程序员,2005是不是更加亲切:
SET XACT_ABORT ON -- 打开 try功效
BEGIN TRY
begin tran
insert into Orders(CustomerId) values(-1)
commit tran
print 'commited'
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
rollback
print 'rolled back'
END CATCH
5. 通用表达式CTE
通过表达式可以免除你过往创立临时表的麻烦。
例:联合通用表达式进行分页
WITH OrderFreight AS(
select OrderId, Freight, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(order by Freight) as row from Orders
)
select OrderId, Freight from OrderFreight where row between 10 and 20
特别之处:通过表达式还可以支撑递回。