Qt学习笔记（5）绘图五子棋游戏

1. 现在需要对代码进行一下整合&＃xff0c;第一步是实现五子棋界面的部分&＃xff0c;创建一个基于QWidget类的类BoardWidget来表示棋盘&＃xff0c;以及在下棋过程中的具体操作&＃xff0c;这里不需要创建.ui文件&＃xff1a;

boardwidget.h文件的实现&＃xff1a;包含棋盘基本功能的实现&＃xff0c;如棋盘绘制&＃xff0c;落子位置跟踪&＃xff0c;鼠标事件实现落子&＃xff0c;判断棋局输赢等功能&＃xff0c;都在BoardWidget类中实现&＃xff1a;

#ifndef BOARDWIDGET_H
#define BOARDWIDGET_H#include class BoardWidget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit BoardWidget(QWidget *parent &＃61; 0);~BoardWidget();signals:void game_over(int winner); // 游戏结束的信号public slots:protected:void paintEvent(QPaintEvent* event);void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent* event);void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* event);public:void initBoard();
private:void setTrackPos(QPoint point); // 追踪鼠标位置void dropPiece(int x, int y); // 落子// 判断输赢bool isFivePiece(int x, int y);bool isVFivePiece(int x, int y); // 从(x,y)开始&＃xff0c;沿着垂直方向bool isHFivePiece(int x, int y); // 从(x,y)开始&＃xff0c;沿着水平方向bool isLeftSlash(int x, int y); // 从(x,y)开始&＃xff0c;沿着左对角线bool isRightSlash(int x, int y); // 从(x,y)开始&＃xff0c;沿着右对角线void checkWinner();// 定义变量QPoint trackPos; // 记录鼠标的位置bool endGame; // 标志游戏是否结束bool WHITE_PALYER; // 白色玩家bool BLACK_PLAYER;bool next_player; // 下一位玩家public:// 棋盘的大小15x15static const int BOARD_WIDTH &＃61; 15;static const int BOARD_HEIGHT &＃61; 15;int board[BOARD_WIDTH][BOARD_HEIGHT]; // 定义棋盘//棋盘起始的的位置 行和列static const QPoint ROW_NUM_START;static const QPoint COLUMN_NUM_START;// sizestatic const QSize WIDGET_SIZE;static const QSize CELL_SIZE;static const QPoint START_POS;static const int NO_PIECE &＃61; 0; // 用于标记棋盘中某个位置没有棋子// 定义玩家static const int WHITE_PIECE &＃61; 1; // 白棋static const int BLACK_PIECE &＃61; 2; // 黑棋};#endif // BOARDWIDGET_H


boardwidget.cpp

#include "boardwidget.h"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include // 初始化参数
// 1. 棋盘的起始位置&＃xff1a;
const QPoint BoardWidget::ROW_NUM_START(15, 45);
const QPoint BoardWidget::COLUMN_NUM_START(35, 25);// 2.size初始化
const QSize BoardWidget::WIDGET_SIZE(830, 830);
const QSize BoardWidget::CELL_SIZE(45, 45);const QPoint BoardWidget::START_POS(40, 40);BoardWidget::BoardWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent), trackPos(28, 28)
{setFixedSize(WIDGET_SIZE); // 设置窗口为固定大小setMouseTracking(true); // 开启MouseTrackinginitBoard(); // 初始化棋盘
}BoardWidget::~BoardWidget()
{}void BoardWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)
{QPainter painter(this); // this代表Widget&＃xff0c;及绘图设备painter.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing); // 绘画普通图形启用反走样, 即开启抗锯齿painter.setRenderHint(QPainter::TextAntialiasing); // 绘画文字反走样&＃xff0c; 即开启抗锯齿int width &＃61; this->width(); // 获取绘图区域的大小int height &＃61; this->height();painter.fillRect(this->rect(), Qt::gray); //填充背景颜色// 设置字体QFont font;font.setPointSize(10);font.setBold(true);painter.setFont(font);// 设置画笔QPen pen;pen.setWidth(2); // 设置线宽pen.setColor(Qt::black); // 设置颜色pen.setStyle(Qt::SolidLine); // 设置线型pen.setCapStyle(Qt::FlatCap);pen.setJoinStyle(Qt::BevelJoin);painter.setPen(pen);for(int i&＃61;0; i{QPoint pos &＃61; event->pos() - START_POS; // 相对于棋盘起始位置的坐标QPoint temp_point &＃61; pos &＃43; QPoint(CELL_SIZE.width()/2, CELL_SIZE.height()/2); // 坐标int x &＃61; temp_point.x();int y &＃61; temp_point.y();// 检测此时坐标的范围是否合理// if(x <&＃61; START_POS.x() || y <&＃61; START_POS.y() || x >&＃61; BOARD_WIDTH*CELL_SIZE.width()-START_POS.x() || y >&＃61; BOARD_HEIGHT*CELL_SIZE.height() - START_POS.y())if(x <&＃61; 0 || y <&＃61; 0 || x >&＃61; BOARD_WIDTH*CELL_SIZE.width() || y >&＃61; BOARD_HEIGHT*CELL_SIZE.height()){return;}int offset_x &＃61; x % CELL_SIZE.width(); // 这个坐标表示不够一个cell_size的坐标的大小int offset_y &＃61; y % CELL_SIZE.height();// 绘制的图标的位置&＃xff0c;中心的为十字交叉的位置QPoint tip_position &＃61; QPoint(x-offset_x, y-offset_y)&＃43;START_POS-QPoint(CELL_SIZE.width()/2, CELL_SIZE.height()/2)&＃43;QPoint(8, 8);setTrackPos(tip_position);}void BoardWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{if(!endGame) // 游戏未结束{QPoint pos &＃61; event->pos() - START_POS;int x &＃61; pos.x();int y &＃61; pos.y();int x_pos &＃61; x / CELL_SIZE.width(); // 整数&＃xff0c;确定第几个格子int y_pos &＃61; y / CELL_SIZE.height();int x_offset &＃61; x % CELL_SIZE.width(); // 余数&＃xff0c;计算是否需要偏移int y_offset &＃61; y % CELL_SIZE.height();if(x_offset > CELL_SIZE.width()/2){x_pos&＃43;&＃43;;}if(y_offset > CELL_SIZE.height()/2){y_pos&＃43;&＃43;;}dropPiece(x_pos, y_pos); //落子}}void BoardWidget::initBoard()
{// 对棋盘进行初始化for(int i&＃61;0; i u(0, 1);e.seed(10); // 设置随机数种子double rand_number &＃61; e(); // 生成随机数if(rand_number > 0.5){// 白棋先落子WHITE_PALYER &＃61; true;BLACK_PLAYER &＃61; false;next_player &＃61; WHITE_PALYER;}else{// 黑棋先落子WHITE_PALYER &＃61; false;BLACK_PLAYER &＃61; true;next_player &＃61; BLACK_PLAYER;}update();}void BoardWidget::setTrackPos(QPoint point)
{trackPos &＃61; point;update(); // update的作用是更新窗口部件
}void BoardWidget::dropPiece(int x, int y)
{if(x>&＃61;0 && x<&＃61;BOARD_WIDTH && y>&＃61;0 && y<&＃61;BOARD_HEIGHT && board[x][y]&＃61;&＃61;NO_PIECE){if(next_player &＃61;&＃61; WHITE_PALYER){board[x][y] &＃61; WHITE_PIECE; // 当前位置是白棋}else{board[x][y] &＃61; BLACK_PIECE; // 当前位置是黑棋}// 切换落子的玩家next_player &＃61; !next_player;// 判断输赢checkWinner();update(); // 更新窗口组件}}bool BoardWidget::isHFivePiece(int x, int y)
{// 判断水平方向int piece &＃61; board[x][y]; // 当前棋子的值for(int i&＃61;1; i<5; i&＃43;&＃43;){if(x&＃43;i>BOARD_WIDTH || board[x&＃43;i][y]!&＃61;piece){return false;}}return true;
}bool BoardWidget::isVFivePiece(int x, int y)
{// 判断垂直方向int piece &＃61; board[x][y];for(int i&＃61;1; i<5; i&＃43;&＃43;){if(y&＃43;i>BOARD_HEIGHT || board[x][y&＃43;i]!&＃61;piece){return false;}}return true;
}bool BoardWidget::isLeftSlash(int x, int y)
{// 沿着左对角线int piece &＃61; board[x][y];for(int i&＃61;1; i<5; i&＃43;&＃43;){if(x&＃43;i>BOARD_WIDTH || y&＃43;i>BOARD_HEIGHT || board[x&＃43;i][y&＃43;i]!&＃61;piece){return false;}}return true;
}bool BoardWidget::isRightSlash(int x, int y)
{// 沿着右对角线int piece &＃61; board[x][y];for(int i&＃61;1; i<5; i&＃43;&＃43;){if(x-i<0 || y&＃43;i>BOARD_HEIGHT || board[x-i][y&＃43;i]!&＃61;piece){return false;}}return true;
}bool BoardWidget::isFivePiece(int x, int y)
{// 是否赢棋return isHFivePiece(x, y) || isVFivePiece(x, y) || isLeftSlash(x, y) || isRightSlash(x, y);
}void BoardWidget::checkWinner()
{bool fullPieces &＃61; true; // 和棋for(int i&＃61;0; i}

在设计完成BoardWidget类的设计后&＃xff0c;需要设计一个游戏的界面&＃xff0c;这个界面的作用是可以将棋盘&＃xff0c;以及其他的一些功能性的按钮添加到上面&＃xff0c;形成一个面向用户的游戏界面。将这个类命名为GameWidget类&＃xff1a;

gamewidget.h文件&＃xff1a;

#ifndef GAMEWIDGET_H
#define GAMEWIDGET_H#include
#include "boardwidget.h"class GameWidget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:GameWidget(QWidget *parent &＃61; 0);~GameWidget();private:BoardWidget* board;private slots:void restart_game();public slots:void showWinner(int winner);};#endif // GAMEWIDGET_H


在gamewidget中&＃xff0c;需要对棋盘以及按钮的位置进行布局&＃xff0c;所以需要用到布局管理器&＃xff0c;在界面中添加一个重新开始游戏的按钮&＃xff0c;在这个按钮按下的时候&＃xff0c;需要调用棋盘的初始化函数&＃xff0c;将整个棋盘清空&＃xff0c;同时&＃xff0c;在判断为玩家赢棋之后&＃xff0c;需要弹出一个模态对话框&＃xff0c;进行提示&＃xff1a;

#include "gamewidget.h"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include GameWidget::GameWidget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent)
{setWindowTitle("Gomoku game"); // 设置窗口标题&＃xff1a;QVBoxLayout* mainLayout &＃61; new QVBoxLayout(this); // 布局管理器 垂直board &＃61; new BoardWidget(this); // 新建棋盘对象QHBoxLayout* horizon_layout &＃61; new QHBoxLayout(this); // 水平布局管理器QPushButton* btn_new_game &＃61; new QPushButton("Resart"); // 按钮&＃xff0c;开始新游戏horizon_layout->addWidget(btn_new_game);horizon_layout->addStretch();mainLayout->addLayout(horizon_layout);mainLayout->addWidget(board);connect(btn_new_game, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(restart_game()));// 将当前的按钮与当前页面的resart_game()槽函数连接&＃xff0c;在槽函数中调用initBoard()connect(board, SIGNAL(game_over(int)), this, SLOT(showWinner(int)));// 这种连接方式才能保证信号与槽连接正确, 不同对象之间信号与槽连接传递消息
}GameWidget::~GameWidget()
{}void GameWidget::showWinner(int winner)
{QString playerName;if(winner&＃61;&＃61;BoardWidget::WHITE_PIECE){playerName &＃61; "White Winner";// qDebug() <<"Winner is 1" <}void GameWidget::restart_game()
{qDebug() <<"Restart the game" <initBoard();
}


main.cpp文件&＃xff1a;

#include "gamewidget.h"
#include int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{QApplication a(argc, argv);GameWidget w;w.show();return a.exec();
}


整个项目的目录如下所示&＃xff1a;

需要在项目中的.pro文件中添加&＃xff1a;

QMAKE_CXXFLAGS &＃43;&＃61; -std&＃61;c&＃43;&＃43;11

使得Qt项目能够支持C&＃43;&＃43;11.

程序运行后的效果&＃xff1a;

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由于刚开始学习Qt,对教材上好多的地方理解不到位&＃xff0c;后续会不断完善五子棋程序。