package pkg1; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; /** * @author Administrator * @date 2021/4/2 */ public class FileDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { // 了解构造函数,可查看API File file = new File("d:\\javaio\\cook"); // 设置分隔符,不同系统也可以认识 //File file=new File("d:"+File.separator); //System.out.println(file.exists()); if (!file.exists()) { file.mkdirs(); } else { file.delete(); } // 是否是一个目录,如果是目录返回true,如果不是目录或目录不存在返回false System.out.println(file.isDirectory()); // 如果是一个文件 System.out.println(file.isFile()); //File file2 = new File("d:\\javaio\\日记1.txt"); File file2 = new File("d:\\javaio", "日记1.txt"); if (!file2.exists()) { try { file2.createNewFile(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { file2.delete(); } // 常用File对象的api System.out.println(file);// file.toString()的内容 System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println(file.getName()); System.out.println(file2.getName()); System.out.println(file.getParent()); System.out.println(file2.getParent()); System.out.println(file.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath()); } }
测试结果:
其他API:
package pkg1; import java.io.*; import java.util.RandomAccess; /** * @author Administrator * @date 2021/4/7 */ class FileDemo2 { public static void main(String[] args) { File file = new File("d:\\javaio\\example"); if (!file.exists()) { file.mkdir(); } /*String[] fileNames = file.list(new FilenameFilter() { @Override public boolean accept(File dir, String name) { System.out.println("文件是:"+dir + "\\" + name); return name.endsWith("java"); } }); for (String fileName : fileNames != null ? fileNames : new String[0]) { System.out.println(fileName); }*/ /*File[] files = file.listFiles(new FilenameFilter() { @Override public boolean accept(File dir, String name) { System.out.println("文件是:" + dir + "\\" + name); return false; } }); for (File fileName : files) { System.out.println(fileName.toString()); }*/ File[] files = file.listFiles(new FileFilter() { @Override public boolean accept(File pathname) { System.out.println(pathname); return false; } }); for (File fileName : files) { System.out.println(fileName.toString()); } } }
测试:
package pkg2; import java.io.File; /** * 列出File的一些常用操作,如过滤、遍历 */ public class FileUtils { /** * 列出指定目录(包括其子目录)下的所有文件 */ public static void listDirectory(File dir) throws IllegalAccessException { if (!dir.exists()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("目录:" + dir + "不存在"); } if (!dir.isDirectory()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(dir + "不存在"); } // list()用于列出当前目录下的子目录(不包含子目录下的内容)和文件。返回的是字符串数组。 /*String[] fileNames = dir.list(); for (String string : fileNames) { System.out.println(dir + "\\" + string); }*/ // 若要遍历子目录下的内容,就要构造成File对象进行递归操作。File提供了直接返回File对象的API File[] files = dir.listFiles();//返回直接子目录(文件)的抽象 /*for (File file : files) { System.out.println(file); }*/ if (files != null && files.length > 0) { for (File file : files) { if (file.isDirectory()) { // 递归 listDirectory(file); } else { System.out.println(file); } } } } }
测试类:
package pkg2; import java.io.File; public class FileUtilsTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws IllegalAccessException { FileUtils.listDirectory(new File("d:javaio")); } }
测试结果:
package pkg3; import java.io.*; import java.util.Arrays; public class RafDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // 若没有指定路径,则表示相对路径,即项目所在路径。 File demo = new File("demo"); if (!demo.exists()) { demo.mkdir(); } File file = new File(demo, "raf.dat"); if (!file.exists()) { file.createNewFile(); } RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw"); // 查看指针位置 System.out.println(raf.getFilePointer());// 0 raf.writeInt('A');// 只写了一个字节 System.out.println(raf.getFilePointer()); raf.writeInt('B'); int i = 0x7fffffff; // 用write方法每次只能写一个字节,如果要把i写进去就要写4次 raf.writeInt(i >>> 24);//高8位 raf.writeInt(i >>> 16); raf.writeInt(i >>> 8); raf.writeInt(i);// 低8位 System.out.println(raf.getFilePointer()); // 直接写一个int ,与上述4步操作等效 raf.writeInt(i); String s = "中"; byte[] gbk = s.getBytes("gbk"); raf.write(gbk); System.out.println("raf长度:" + raf.length()); // 读文件,必须把指针移到头部 raf.seek(0); // 一次性读取,把文件中的内容都读到字节数组汇总 byte[] buf = new byte[(int) raf.length()]; raf.read(buf); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(buf)); // 转为字符串 /*String s1=new String(buf,"utf-8"); System.out.println(s1);*/ for (byte b : buf) { System.out.print(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xff) + " "); } raf.close(); } }
测试结果:
package pkg4; import java.io.*; public class IOUtil { /** * 读取指定文件内容, 按照十六进制输出到控制台, * 且每输出10个byte换行 * * @param fileName */ public static void printHex(String fileName) throws IOException { // 把文件作为字节流进行操作 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileName); int b; int i = 1; while ((b = fis.read()) != -1) { if (b <= 0xf) { // 单位数前补0 System.out.print("0"); } // 将整型b转换为16进制表示的字符串 System.out.print(Integer.toHexString(b) + " "); if (i++ % 10 == 0) { System.out.println(); } } fis.close(); } public static void printHexByByteArray(String fileName) throws IOException { FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileName); /*byte[] buf = new byte[20 * 1024]; //从fis中批量读取字节,放入到buf字节数组中,从第0个位置开始放,最多放buf.length个,返回的是读到的字节个数 int bytes = fis.read(buf, 0, buf.length);// 一次性读完,说明字节数组足够大 int j = 1; for (int i = 0; i字节批量读取式拷贝,效率最优 */ public static void copyFile(File srcFile, File destFile) throws IOException { if (!srcFile.exists()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件:" + srcFile + "不存在"); } if (!srcFile.isFile()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(srcFile + "不是文件"); } FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(srcFile); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(destFile); byte[] buf = new byte[8 * 1024]; int b; while ((b = fis.read(buf, 0, buf.length)) != -1) { fos.write(buf, 0, b); fos.flush();//最好加上这个 } fis.close(); fos.close(); } /** * 用带缓冲的字节流,进行文件拷贝,效率居中 */ public static void copyFileByBuffer(File srcFile, File destFile) throws IOException { if (!srcFile.exists()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件:" + srcFile + "不存在"); } if (!srcFile.isFile()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(srcFile + "不是文件"); } BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(srcFile)); BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(destFile)); int c; while ((c = bis.read()) != -1) { bos.write(c); // 刷新缓冲区。不能省略,否则无法写入 bos.flush(); } bis.close(); bos.close(); } /** * 文件拷贝操作 -> 单字节,不带缓冲式拷贝,效率最差 */ public static void copyFileByByte(File srcFile, File destFile) throws IOException { if (!srcFile.exists()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件:" + srcFile + "不存在"); } if (!srcFile.isFile()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(srcFile + "不是文件"); } FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(srcFile); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(destFile); int b; while ((b = fis.read()) != -1) { fos.write(b); fos.flush(); } fis.close(); fos.close(); } }
测试类:
package pkg4; import java.io.IOException; public class IOUtilTest1 { public static void main(String[] args) { try { IOUtil.printHex("d:\\javaio\\FileUtils.java"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
package pkg5; import pkg4.IOUtil; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class FileOutDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // 如果该文件不存在,则直接创建,如果存在,则删除后创建。若要在后面追加内容,参数中加一个true FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("demo/out.dat"); // 写入A的低8位 fos.write('A'); fos.write('B'); // write只能写8位,那么写一个int需要4次,每次8位 int a = 10; fos.write(a >>> 24); fos.write(a >>> 16); fos.write(a >>> 8); fos.write(a); byte[] gbk = "中国".getBytes("gbk"); fos.write(gbk); fos.close(); IOUtil.printHex("demo/out.dat"); } }
测试类:
package pkg5; import pkg4.IOUtil; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; public class IOUtilTest3 { public static void main(String[] args) { try { IOUtil.copyFile(new File("d:\\javaio\\abc.txt"), new File("d:\\javaio\\abc1.txt")); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
输入流:
package pkg6; import pkg4.IOUtil; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class DisDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String file = "demo/dos.dat"; IOUtil.printHex(file); DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); int i = dis.readInt(); System.out.println(i); i = dis.readInt(); System.out.println(i); long l = dis.readLong(); System.out.println(l); double d = dis.readDouble(); System.out.println(d); String s = dis.readUTF(); System.out.println(s); dis.close(); } }
输出流:
package pkg6; import pkg4.IOUtil; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class DosDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String file = "demo/dos.dat"; DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)); dos.writeInt(10); dos.writeInt(-10); dos.writeLong(10l); dos.writeDouble(10.5); // 采用utf-8写入 dos.writeUTF("中国"); // 采用utf-16be写入 dos.writeChars("中国"); dos.close(); IOUtil.printHex(file); } }
工具类在4.1小节的IOUtil.java中。
测试类:
package pkg7; import pkg4.IOUtil; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; public class IOUtilTest4 { public static void main(String[] args) { // 效率最高 try { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); IOUtil.copyFile(new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha.mp3"), new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha1.mp3")); long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("耗时1:" + (end - start)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // 效率居中 try { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); IOUtil.copyFileByBuffer(new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha.mp3"), new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha2.mp3")); long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("耗时2:" + (end - start)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // 效率最差 try { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); IOUtil.copyFileByByte(new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha.mp3"), new File("d:\\javaio\\Alpha3.mp3")); long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("耗时3:" + (end - start)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
package pkg8; import java.io.*; public class IsrAndOswDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("d:\\javaio\\aa.txt"); InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis);//未指定编码格式,即按照项目默认编码操作 FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("d:\\javaio\\aa.txt"); OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fos);//未指定编码格式,即按照项目默认编码操作 /*int c; while ((c=isr.read())!=-1){ System.out.print((char)c); }*/ /* 批量读取。 放入buffer这个字节数组,从第0个位置开始放,最多放buffer.length个,返回读到的字符个数。 */ char[] buffer = new char[8 * 1024]; int c; while ((c = isr.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1) { String s = new String(buffer, 0, c); System.out.print(s); /*osw.write(buffer,0,c); osw.flush();*/ } isr.close(); osw.close(); } }
package pkg8; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; public class FrAndFwDemo { /** * 注意:FileReader、FileWriter不能指定编码方式 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { FileReader fr = new FileReader("d:\\javaio\\aa.txt"); // 指定参数,也可以追加内容:FileWriter(String fileName, boolean append) FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("d:\\javaio\\bb.txt"); char[] buffer = new char[8 * 1024]; int c; while ((c = fr.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1) { fw.write(buffer, 0, c); fw.flush(); } fr.close(); fw.close(); } }
package pkg9; import java.io.*; public class BrAndBwOrPwDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // 对文件进行读写操作 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("d:\\javaio\\aa.txt"))); //BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("d:\\javaio\\cc.txt"))); // PrintWriter可以替换BufferedWriter PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter("d:\\javaio\\cc.txt"); String line; while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { // 一次读一行,不能识别换行 System.out.println(line); /*bw.write(line); // 手动给出换行 bw.newLine(); bw.flush();*/ pw.println(line); pw.flush(); } br.close(); //bw.close(); pw.close(); } }
实体类:
package pkg10; import java.io.Serializable; public class Student implements Serializable { private String stuNo; private String stuName; // 该元素不会 进行JVM默认的序列化,但可以手动序列化 private transient int stuAge; public Student(String stuNo, String stuName, int stuAge) { this.stuNo = stuNo; this.stuName = stuName; this.stuAge = stuAge; } public String getStuNo() { return stuNo; } public void setStuNo(String stuNo) { this.stuNo = stuNo; } public String getStuName() { return stuName; } public void setStuName(String stuName) { this.stuName = stuName; } public int getStuAge() { return stuAge; } public void setStuAge(int stuAge) { this.stuAge = stuAge; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "stuNo='" + stuNo + '\'' + ", stuName='" + stuName + '\'' + ", stuAge=" + stuAge + '}'; } /** * 序列化 */ private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) throws java.io.IOException { // 把JVM能默认序列化的元素进行序列化操作 s.defaultWriteObject(); // 手动完成stuAge的序列化 s.writeInt(stuAge); } /** * 反序列化 */ private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { // 把JVM默认能反序列化的元素进行反序列化操作 s.defaultReadObject(); // 手动完成stuAge的反序列化 stuAge = s.readInt(); } }
测试类:
package pkg10; import java.io.*; import java.util.ArrayList; public class ObjectSeriaDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { String file = "demo/obj.dat"; // 1、对象的序列化 /*ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)); Student student = new Student("10001", "张三", 20); oos.writeObject(student); oos.flush(); oos.close();*/ // 2、对象的反序列化 ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); Student stu = (Student) ois.readObject(); System.out.println(stu); ois.close(); } }
package pkg11; import java.io.*; import java.sql.SQLOutput; public class ObjectSeriaDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { // 序列化 /*ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Foo2 foo2=new Foo2(); oos.writeObject(foo2); oos.flush(); oos.close();*/ // 反序列化 /*ObjectInputStream ois=new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Foo2 foo2= (Foo2) ois.readObject(); System.out.println(foo2); ois.close();*/ /*ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Bar2 bar2=new Bar2(); oos.writeObject(bar2); oos.flush(); oos.close();*/ /*ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Bar2 bar2 = (Bar2) ois.readObject(); System.out.println(bar2); ois.close();*/ /*ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Ccc2 ccc2=new Ccc2(); oos.writeObject(ccc2); oos.flush(); oos.close();*/ ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("demo/obj1.dat")); Ccc2 ccc2 = (Ccc2) ois.readObject(); System.out.println(ccc2); ois.close(); } } /** * 一个类实现了序列化接口,其子类都可以实现序列化。 */ class Foo implements Serializable { public Foo() { System.out.println("foo..."); } } class Foo1 extends Foo { public Foo1() { System.out.println("foo1..."); } } class Foo2 extends Foo1 { public Foo2() { System.out.println("foo2..."); } } /** * 对子类对象进行反序列化操作时, * 如果其父类没有实现序列化接口 * 那么其父类的构造函数会被调用 */ class Bar { public Bar() { System.out.println("Bar..."); } } class Bar1 extends Bar implements Serializable { public Bar1() { System.out.println("Bar1..."); } } class Bar2 extends Bar1 { public Bar2() { System.out.println("Bar2..."); } } class Ccc { public Ccc() { System.out.println("Ccc..."); } } class Ccc1 extends Ccc { public Ccc1() { System.out.println("Ccc1..."); } } class Ccc2 extends Ccc1 implements Serializable { public Ccc2() { System.out.println("Ccc2..."); } }
Foo2类反序列化时不打印构造方法:
Bar2类反序列化时打印了Bar的构造方法:
Ccc2类反序列化时打印了Ccc、Ccc1的构造方法:
结论(详见导图标红部分):
对子类对象进行反序列化操作时,如果其父类没有实现序列化接口,那么其父类的构造函数会被调用。
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