Cacti简单介绍
Cacti 在英文中的意思是仙人掌的意思,Cacti是一套基于PHP,MySQL,SNMP及RRDTool开发的网络流量监测图形分析工具。它通过snmpget来获取数据,使用RRDtool绘画图形,而且你完全可以不需要了解RRDtool复杂的参数。
它提供了非常强大的数据和用户管理功能,可以指定每一个用户能查看树状结构、host以及任何一张图,还可以与LDAP结合进行用户验证,同时也能自己增加模板,功能非常强大完善。
Cacti 的发展是基于让 RRDTool 使用者更方便使用该软件,除了基本的 Snmp 流量跟系统资讯监控外,Cacti 也可外挂 Scripts 及加上 Templates 来作出各式各样的监控图。
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下面介绍CentOS7下部署开源监控平台Cacti1、CentOS7操作系统初始环境准备
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum install -y lrzsz bash-completion vim wget net-tools ncdu iftop
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*$/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
初始化的历史命令如下
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2、安装httpd服务
yum -y install httpd
rm -rf /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
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修改httpd.conf
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
151行 AllowOverride All
164行 DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.php
最末行添加
ServerTokens Prod
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启动httpd服务
systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd
firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
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3、安装php环境
yum -y install php php-mbstring php-pear
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vim etc/php.ini
修改时区配置
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重启httpd服务并测试php
vi /var/www/html/index.php
"width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
print Date("Y/m/d");
?>
cat /var/www/html/index.php
systemctl restart httpd
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Tips:500错误解决办法
tail -f /var/log/httpd/error_log
chmod 0755 /var/www/html/index.php
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4、安装并配置MySQL数据库
配置MySQL的yum源进行安装
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo << \EOF
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-connectors-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-tools-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql-5.7-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
EOF
yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64
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启动mysqld服务
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
netstat -anp | grep 3306
ps -ef | grep mysql
firewall-cmd --zOne=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
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设置MySQL密码
grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
mysql_secure_installation
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先创建cacti数据库
mysql -u root -p
mysql> create database cacti;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@'localhost' identified by 'Cacti@2021';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
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5、安装cacti,snmp,rrdtool等环境
yum --enablerepo=epel -y install cacti net-snmp net-snmp-utils php-mysql php-snmp rrdtool
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配置snmpd.conf,定义团体名
vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
注释掉41行
41行 #com2sec notConfigUser default public
设置团体名
76行 com2sec local localhost walkingcloud@2021
77行 com2sec mynetwork 192.168.0.0/16 walkingcloud@2021
85行 group MyRWGroup any local
86行 group MyROGroup any mynetwork
90行 view all included .1 80
100行 access MyROGroup "" any noauth 0 all none none
101行 access MyRWGroup "" any noauth 0 all all all
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systemctl enable snmpd
systemctl start snmpd
firewall-cmd --permanent --zOne=public --add-port=161/udp
firewall-cmd --reload
snmpwalk -v2c -c walkingcloud@2021 localhost system
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![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/0521bcb87d1c117f.jpeg)
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6、cacti数据库导入
mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-1.2.15/cacti.sql
mysql -u root -p
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7、Cacti初始化
vi /etc/cron.d/cacti
取消#注释
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修改配置文件中数据库连接
vim /usr/share/cacti/include/config.php
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vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf
设置web访问IP
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重启httpd进行初始化
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8、MySQL警告项排除步骤
ERROR: 您的Cacti 数据库登录帐户无权访问MySQL TimeZone 数据库. 请提供Cacti 数据库帐户对 "mysql" 数据库中 "time_zone_name" 表的 "select" 访问权,并在继续之前填充MySQL 的TimeZone 信息.
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root -p mysql
添加Cacti 数据库帐户对 "mysql" 数据库中 "time_zone_name" 表的 "select" 访问权
mysql -uroot -p
mysql > GRANT SELECT ON mysql.time_zone_name TO cacti@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'Cacti@2021';
![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/6f9c2ce823be83f6.jpeg)
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vi etc/my.cnf
添加如下参数
vi /etc/my.cnf
添加如下参数
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
max_allowed_packet=18M
max_heap_table_size=128M
tmp_table_size=256M
join_buffer_size=256M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2048M
innodb_doublewrite=ON
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=18
innodb_io_capacity=5000
innodb_io_capacity_max=10000
innodb_flush_log_at_timeout=3
innodb_read_io_threads=32
innodb_write_io_threads=16
log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysql-error.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
slow-query-log = 1
slow-query-log-file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
mkdir /var/log/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql
systemctl restart mysqld
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![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/1df28cfc400e21f2.jpeg)
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9、继续初始化向导完成
![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/e96dbed38f5908bb.jpeg)
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![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/815cca8168a2518b.jpeg)
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10、添加设备,查看监控图形
![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/c48ae1f3f02da1d7.jpeg)
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![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/da082d0c921aa22c.jpeg)
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![](https://img6.php1.cn/3cdc5/9a17/2be/9bfa380b575dbdf2.jpeg)
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说明
以上只是Cacti服务端的部署,客户端主机监控加入的步骤限于篇幅不做详细介绍
后续再补充